Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-301-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-301-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
Regular paper
 | 
01 Jul 2024
Regular paper |  | 01 Jul 2024

Observations of ionospheric disturbances associated with the 2020 Beirut explosion by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program and ground-based ionosondes

Rezy Pradipta and Pei-Chen Lai

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Belehaki, A., Tsagouri, I., Altadill, D., Blanch, E., Borries, C., Buresova, D., Chum, J., Galkin, I., Juan, J. M., Segarra, A., Camilo Timoté, C., Tziotziou, K., Verhulst, T. G. W., and Watermann, J.: An overview of methodologies for real-time detection, characterisation and tracking of traveling ionospheric disturbances developed in the TechTIDE project, J. Space Weather Space Clim., 10, 42, https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020043, 2020. a
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Burke, W. J., Gentile, L. C., Huang, C. Y., Valladares, C. E., and Su, S. Y.: Longitudinal variability of equatorial plasma bubbles observed by DMSP and ROCSAT-1, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010583, 2004. a
Cervera, M. A. and Harris, T. J.: Modeling ionospheric disturbance features in quasi-vertically incident ionograms using 3-D magnetoionic ray tracing and atmospheric gravity waves, J. Geophys. Res.-Space, 119, 431–440, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019247, 2014. a
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A large explosion released a significant amount of energy into the Earth's upper atmosphere in Beirut on 4 Aug 2020, generating traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). These TIDs were observed in previous work using GPS total electron content measurements around Beirut. Here, we used measurements from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program and ionosondes in the Mediterranean to show that the TIDs from the Beirut explosion were able to reach greater distances than previously reported.
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