Articles | Volume 39, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-69-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-69-2021
Regular paper
 | 
22 Jan 2021
Regular paper |  | 22 Jan 2021

Electron precipitation characteristics during isolated, compound, and multi-night substorm events

Noora Partamies, Fasil Tesema, Emma Bland, Erkka Heino, Hilde Nesse Tyssøy, and Erlend Kallelid

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Subject: Earth's ionosphere & aeronomy | Keywords: Particle precipitation
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Cited articles

Beharrell, M. J., Honary, F., Rodger, C. J., and Clilverd, M. A.: Substorm-induced energetic electron precipitation: Morphology and prediction, J. Geophys. Res., 120, 2993–3008, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020632, 2015. a, b, c
Bland, E., Tesema, F., and Partamies, N.: D-region impact area of energetic particle precipitation during pulsating aurora, Ann. Geophys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2020-58, in review, 2020. a
Borovsky, J. E. and Yakymenko, K.: Substorm occurrence rates, substorm recurrence times and solar wind structure, J. Geophys. Res., 122, 2973–2998, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023625, 2017. a, b, c
Evans, D. S. and Greer, M. S.: Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite SpaceEnvironment Monitor -2 Instrument Descriptions and Archive Data Documentation, Oar Sed-93, NOAA, available at: ftp://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/poes/docs/sem2_docs/2006/SEM2v2.0.pdf (last access: 12 January 2021), 2000. a
Forsyth, C., Rae, I. J., Coxon, J. C., Freeman, M. P., Jackman, C. M., Gjerloev, J., and Fazakerley, A. N.: A new technique for determining Substorm Onsets and Phases from Indices of the Electrojet (SOPHIE), J. Geophys. Res., 120, 10592–10606, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021343, 2015. a, b
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Short summary
About 200 nights of substorm activity have been analysed for their magnetic disturbance magnitude and the level of cosmic radio noise absorption. We show that substorms with a single expansion phase have limited lifetimes and spatial extents. Starting from magnetically quiet conditions, the strongest absorption occurs after 1 to 2 nights of substorm activity. This prolonged activity is thus required to accelerate particles to energies, which may affect the atmospheric chemistry.