Articles | Volume 42, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-473-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-473-2024
Regular paper
 | 
02 Dec 2024
Regular paper |  | 02 Dec 2024

Impact of different solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) proxies and Ap index on hmF2 trend analysis

Trinidad Duran, Bruno Santiago Zossi, Yamila Daniela Melendi, Blas Federico de Haro Barbas, Fernando Salvador Buezas, and Ana Georgina Elias

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Subject: Earth's ionosphere & aeronomy | Keywords: Long-term changes and trends
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Cited articles

Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre: https://downloads.sws.bom.gov.au/wdc/iondata/au/ (last access: 25 November 2024), 2024a. 
Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre: https://downloads.sws.bom.gov.au/wdc/iondata/medians/ (last access: 25 November 2024), 2024b. 
Bilitza, D., Sheikh, N. M., and Eyfrig, R.: A global model for the height of the F2-peak using M3000 values from CCIR, Telecommun. J., 46, 549–553, 1979. 
Bradley, P. A. and J. R. Dudeney: A simple model of the vertical distribution of electron concentration in the ionosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 35, 2131–2146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(73)90132-3, 1973. 
Bremer, J.: Ionospheric trends in mid-latitudes as a possible indicator of the atmospheric greenhouse effect, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 54, 1505–1511, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(92)90157-G, 1992. 
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Our research investigates how different proxies of solar activity influence long-term trends in the Earth's ionosphere. By analyzing data from two mid-latitude stations up to 2022, we found that the choice of solar activity measures significantly affects trends in ionospheric electron density, while trends in ionospheric height remain more stable. Selecting the correct solar activity measure is crucial for accurate density trend predictions and improving space weather forecasting models. ​