Diurnal, seasonal and solar cycle variation in total electron content and comparison with IRI-2016 model at Birnin Kebbi

Ogwala, Aghogho; Somoye, Emmanuel Olufemi; Ogunmodimu, Olugbenga; Adeniji-Adele, Rasaq Adewemimo; Onori, Eugene Oghenakpobor; Oyedokun, Oluwole

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-775-2019

Articles | Volume 37, issue 5

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-775-2019

© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-775-2019

© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 37, issue 5

Regular paper

|

05 Sep 2019

Regular paper |

| 05 Sep 2019

Diurnal, seasonal and solar cycle variation in total electron content and comparison with IRI-2016 model at Birnin Kebbi

Aghogho Ogwala, Emmanuel Olufemi Somoye, Olugbenga Ogunmodimu, Rasaq Adewemimo Adeniji-Adele, Eugene Oghenakpobor Onori, and Oluwole Oyedokun

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Final revised paper (published on 05 Sep 2019)
Preprint (discussion started on 16 Jan 2019)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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- Supplement

RC1: 'Comments and suggestions', Anonymous Referee #1, 07 Feb 2019
- AC1: 'Response to Reviewer', Aghogho Ogwala, 26 Feb 2019
  - RC2: 'Comments on author replay', Anonymous Referee #1, 04 Mar 2019
    - RC3: 'In adition to replay', Anonymous Referee #1, 05 Mar 2019
      - AC2: 'Corrections in response to reviewer 1', Aghogho Ogwala, 26 Feb 2019
    - AC2: 'Corrections in response to reviewer 1', Aghogho Ogwala, 26 Feb 2019
- AC2: 'Corrections in response to reviewer 1', Aghogho Ogwala, 26 Feb 2019
  - RC4: 'General Comments last version', Anonymous Referee #1, 05 Mar 2019
    - SC1: 'Harmonised final corrections', Olugbenga Ogunmodimu, 12 Mar 2019
    - AC4: 'Reply to reviewer', Aghogho Ogwala, 29 Mar 2019
RC5: 'referee comment', Anonymous Referee #2, 18 Mar 2019
- AC3: 'Corrections based on RC5', Aghogho Ogwala, 28 Mar 2019
AC5: 'Final comment by Author', Aghogho Ogwala, 18 Apr 2019

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

ED: Publish subject to revisions (further review by editor and referees) (30 Mar 2019) by Ana G. Elias

AR by Aghogho Ogwala on behalf of the Authors (30 Apr 2019)

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (13 May 2019) by Ana G. Elias

RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (23 May 2019)

Suggestions for revision or reasons for rejection

The paper presents GPS-TEC data investigation at the equatorial region Birnin-Kebbi
in Nigeria for the years 2011-2014, the rising and maximum phase of the 24th solar
cycle. These data are compared with IRI-2016 ionospheric model to evaluate the confidence of this model in that region. The study presents new data analysis, comparing
the TEC behavior in different time scales associated with diurnal, seasonal and solar
cycle variations.

The authors improved the paper after considering the reviewers comments and suggestions, but still there are some points in the results, discussion and conclusions that must be clarified before to be acceptable for publication.
The comments refer to the author version on Suplement of AC5 of 18 April.
Lines 99-105: The TEC global investigations have been done by many other researchers not only by the three cited in the paper.
Line 106: please say in what sector each TEC information was obtained. Rama Rao et al. results refer to Indian sector while Wanninger is in the Asian sector.
Lines 113-116: Again, the results were obtained at different sectors, you must specify each one.
Lines 206-208: Must clarify. The TEC increase is due to the upward vertical elevation of the equatorial ionosphere during the day, resulting in an additional ionization.
Line 209: Use a proper basic reference about the Rayleigh_Taylor Instability.
Line 304-310: Specify the researchers you referred in line 305. It means that your results are not in agreement with previous results? Rewrite all lines to clarify what you mean.
Lines 326-328: I understood that your results are in agreement with D’ujanga et al. (2017) results obtained in the African sector and with Bagiya et al. (2009) in the Indian sector. OK? Explain better the correlations in the different sectors.
Lines 329-333: Explain better the TEC increases related with the decrease of O/N2 ratio. The decrease of O/N2 ratio increases the electron density, and this explains the TEC increase.
Lines 338-345: Figure 10 must be better explained. The figure intends to show the comparison between the monthly values of TEC and Rz from 2011 to 2014. What is the OBS-TEC are you using in this figure for each month? I suggest you consider the maximum diurnal value of TEC observed at each month presented in figures 1-4, since you are comparing with solar cycle variation.
Your Conclusions are just a repetition of what you presented in the results and discussions. Here you must shortly resume the results of TEC variations you obtained at Birnin-Kebbi, and compare with was obtained from previous works near the same region at different periods, and with the results obtained at other sectors. Taking into account the results that also evaluated the OBS-TEC versus the IRI Models.

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ED: Reconsider after major revisions (further review by editor and referees) (23 May 2019) by Ana G. Elias

AR by Aghogho Ogwala on behalf of the Authors (28 Jun 2019) Manuscript

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (03 Jul 2019) by Ana G. Elias

RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (31 Jul 2019)

ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (04 Aug 2019) by Ana G. Elias

AR by Aghogho Ogwala on behalf of the Authors (06 Aug 2019) Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (09 Aug 2019) by Ana G. Elias

AR by Aghogho Ogwala on behalf of the Authors (16 Aug 2019) Manuscript

Short summary

Higher total electron content (TEC) day-to-day variations during the daytime than at night were observed for all years. The diurnal variation shows observed TEC (OBS-TEC) rising rapidly from a minimum just before sunrise at 03:00–05:00 LT (∼2 TECU) in 2011, 04:00–05:00 LT (∼3 TECU) in 2012, 03:00–05:00 LT in 2013 (∼3 TECU) and 03:00–05:00 LT in 2014 (∼3 TECU). OBS-TEC is found to increase to a broad daytime maximum at 00:12–00:16 LT for all years before falling to a minimum after sunset.