Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-183-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-183-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Regular paper
| 
06 Mar 2025
Regular paper |
| 06 Mar 2025
| 06 Mar 2025
Comparison of meteor radar and satellite winds in the Brazilian equatorial region
Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Delis Otildes Rodrigues
Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Igo Paulino
Unidade Acadêmica de Física, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Lourivaldo Mota Lima
Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Ricardo Arlen Buriti
Unidade Acadêmica de Física, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Paulo Prado Batista
Division of Heliophysics, Planetary Science and Aeronomy, National Institute for Space Research, Avenida dos Astronautas, 1.758, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Aaron Ridley
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, 1416 Space Research Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, USA
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, 1416 Space Research Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, USA
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Igo Paulino, Ana Roberta Paulino, Amauri F. Medeiros, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, and Hisao Takahashi
Ann. Geophys., 39, 1005–1012, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-1005-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-1005-2021, 2021
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In the present work, the lunar semidiurnal tide (M2) was investigated in the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) zonal drifts over Brazil from 2000 to 2007. On average, the M2 contributes 5.6 % to the variability of the EPB zonal drifts. A strong seasonal and solar cycle dependency was also observed, the amplitudes of the M2 being stronger during the summer and high solar activity periods.
Ana Roberta Paulino, Fabiano da Silva Araújo, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Lourivaldo Mota Lima, Paulo Prado Batista, and Inez Staciarini Batista
Ann. Geophys., 39, 151–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-151-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-151-2021, 2021
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Long- and short-period oscillations in the lunar semidiurnal tidal amplitudes in the ionosphere derived from the total electron content were investigated over Brazil from 2011 to 2014. The results showed annual, semiannual and triannual oscillations as the dominant components. Additionally, the most pronounced short-period oscillations were observed between 7 and 11 d, which suggest a possible coupling of the lunar tide and planetary waves.
Ricardo A. Buriti, Wayne Hocking, Paulo P. Batista, Igo Paulino, Ana R. Paulino, Marcial Garbanzo-Salas, Barclay Clemesha, and Amauri F. Medeiros
Ann. Geophys., 38, 1247–1256, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1247-2020, 2020
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Solar atmospheric tides are natural oscillations of 24, 12, 8... hours that contribute to the circulation of the atmosphere from low to high altitudes. The Sun heats the atmosphere periodically because, mainly, water vapor and ozone absorb solar radiation between the ground and 50 km height during the day. Tides propagate upward and they can be observed in, for example, the wind field. This work presents diurnal tides observed by meteor radars which measure wind between 80 and 100 km height.
Oluwakemi Dare-Idowu, Igo Paulino, Cosme A. O. B. Figueiredo, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ricardo A. Buriti, Ana Roberta Paulino, and Cristiano M. Wrasse
Ann. Geophys., 38, 507–516, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-507-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-507-2020, 2020
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Some strong gravity wave activity occurred and was observed on 8 April 2005. This work reports the spectral characteristics of these waves using OH airglow images captured by the all-sky imager installed at São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W). A preferential propagation direction was observed due to the positioning of the source and also due to the wind filtering effect. Furthermore, the source of these waves was identified by performing reverse-ray tracing analysis.
Igo Paulino, Ana Roberta Paulino, Ricardo Y. C. Cueva, Ebenezer Agyei-Yeboah, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Hisao Takahashi, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Ângela M. Santos, Amauri Fragoso de Medeiros, and Inez S. Batista
Ann. Geophys., 38, 437–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-437-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-437-2020, 2020
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In this paper, an extensive study has been done in order to investigate periodic oscillations in the start times of equatorial plasma bubbles observed over Brazil. Using OI6300 airglow images and ionograms, it was possible to detect semimonthly oscillations in the start times of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) and equatorial Spread-F. This semimonthly oscillation is likely related to the lunar tide, which represents an important mechanism acting in the day-to-day variability of EPBs.
Patrick Essien, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Jose Andre V. Campos, Ana Roberta Paulino, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Hisao Takahashi, Ebenezer Agyei-Yeboah, and Aline N. Lins
Ann. Geophys., 36, 899–914, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-899-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-899-2018, 2018
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Present work reports seasonal characteristics of small- and medium-scale gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. All-sky images of the hydroxyl airglow emission layer over São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W) were observed from September 2000 to December 2010, during a total of 1496 nights and obtained 2343 SSGW and 537 MSGW events. The horizontal propagation directions of SSGWs and MSGWs showed clear seasonal variations based on the influence of the wind filtering process.
Amauri Fragoso Medeiros, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Joaquim Fechine, Hisao Takahashi, José Valentin Bageston, Ana Roberta Paulino, and Ricardo Arlen Buriti
Ann. Geophys., 36, 311–319, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-311-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-311-2018, 2018
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On 3 October 2005, a mesospheric front was observed over São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W) propagating to the northeast in the OH airglow images. One and a half hours later, it disappeared completely and ripples were observed in the eastern part of the images. After studying the background atmosphere, the main conclusion of this work was that the instability in the airglow layer did not allow the propagation of the front to the other side of the local zenith.
Igo Paulino, Joyrles F. Moraes, Gleuson L. Maranhão, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ana Roberta Paulino, Hisao Takahashi, Jonathan J. Makela, John W. Meriwether, and José André V. Campos
Ann. Geophys., 36, 265–273, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-265-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-265-2018, 2018
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This article presents characteristics of periodic waves observed in the thermosphere from airglow images collected in the Northeast of Brazil. Using simultaneous measurements of the background wind in the airglow emission altitudes, it was possible to estimate the intrinsic parameters and the role of the wind in the propagation of the waves into the thermosphere. An anisotropy in the propagation direction of the waves was observed and it could be explained by the wind filtering process.
Josemaria Gomez Socola, Fabiano S. Rodrigues, Isaac G. Wright, Igo Paulino, and Ricardo Buriti
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 909–919, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-909-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-909-2025, 2025
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New low-cost, off-the-shelf Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers enable the estimation of zonal ionospheric irregularity drifts using the scintillation spaced-receiver technique, previously tested only with commercial GNSS receivers. Despite their low C/No resolution (1 dB-Hz), we demonstrate that the recorded raw data can be used to estimate irregularity drifts. Further, our observations are consistent with the behavior of an empirical model of the thermospheric winds (HMW14).
Prosper K. Nyassor, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Igo Paulino, Cosme A. O. B. Figueiredo, Ricardo A. Buriti, Hisao Takahashi, Delano Gobbi, and Gabriel A. Giongo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1982, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1982, 2024
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Gunter Stober, Sharon L. Vadas, Erich Becker, Alan Liu, Alexander Kozlovsky, Diego Janches, Zishun Qiao, Witali Krochin, Guochun Shi, Wen Yi, Jie Zeng, Peter Brown, Denis Vida, Neil Hindley, Christoph Jacobi, Damian Murphy, Ricardo Buriti, Vania Andrioli, Paulo Batista, John Marino, Scott Palo, Denise Thorsen, Masaki Tsutsumi, Njål Gulbrandsen, Satonori Nozawa, Mark Lester, Kathrin Baumgarten, Johan Kero, Evgenia Belova, Nicholas Mitchell, Tracy Moffat-Griffin, and Na Li
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On 15 January 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcano exploded in a vigorous eruption, causing many atmospheric phenomena reaching from the surface up to space. In this study, we investigate how the mesospheric winds were affected by the volcanogenic gravity waves and estimated their propagation direction and speed. The interplay between model and observations permits us to gain new insights into the vertical coupling through atmospheric gravity waves.
Pedro Alves Fontes, Marcio Tadeu de Assis Honorato Muella, Laysa Cristina Araújo Resende, Vânia Fátima Andrioli, Paulo Roberto Fagundes, Valdir Gil Pillat, Paulo Prado Batista, and Alexander Jose Carrasco
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In the terrestrial ionosphere, sporadic (metallic) layers are formed. The formation of these layers are related to the action of atmospheric waves. These waves, also named tides, are due to the absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere. We investigated the role of the tides with 8 h period in the formation of the sporadic layers. The study was conducted using ionosonde and meteor radar data, as well as computing simulations. The 8 h tides intensified the density of the sporadic layers.
Hisao Takahashi, Cosme A. O. B. Figueiredo, Patrick Essien, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Diego Barros, Prosper K. Nyassor, Igo Paulino, Fabio Egito, Geangelo M. Rosa, and Antonio H. R. Sampaio
Ann. Geophys., 40, 665–672, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-665-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-665-2022, 2022
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We observed two different wave propagations in the earth’s upper atmosphere: a gravity wave in the mesosphere and the ionospheric disturbances. We investigated the wave propagations by using airglow imaging techniques. It is found that there was a gravity wave generation from the tropospheric convection spot, and it propagated upward in the ionosphere. This reports observational evidence of gravity wave propagation from the troposphere to ionosphere.
Prosper K. Nyassor, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Igo Paulino, Eliah F. M. T. São Sabbas, José V. Bageston, Kleber P. Naccarato, Delano Gobbi, Cosme A. O. B. Figueiredo, Toyese T. Ayorinde, Hisao Takahashi, and Diego Barros
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15153–15177, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15153-2022, 2022
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This work investigates the sources of concentric gravity waves (CGWs) excited by a moving system of clouds with several overshooting regions on 1–2 October 2019 at São Martinho da Serra. The parameters of these waves were estimated using 2D spectral analysis and their source locations identified using backward ray tracing. Furthermore, the sources of these waves were properly identified by tracking the individual overshooting regions in space and time since the system of clouds was moving.
Igo Paulino, Ana Roberta Paulino, Amauri F. Medeiros, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, and Hisao Takahashi
Ann. Geophys., 39, 1005–1012, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-1005-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-1005-2021, 2021
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In the present work, the lunar semidiurnal tide (M2) was investigated in the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) zonal drifts over Brazil from 2000 to 2007. On average, the M2 contributes 5.6 % to the variability of the EPB zonal drifts. A strong seasonal and solar cycle dependency was also observed, the amplitudes of the M2 being stronger during the summer and high solar activity periods.
Xiao Liu, Jiyao Xu, Jia Yue, You Yu, Paulo P. Batista, Vania F. Andrioli, Zhengkuan Liu, Tao Yuan, Chi Wang, Ziming Zou, Guozhu Li, and James M. Russell III
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 5643–5661, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5643-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5643-2021, 2021
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Based on the gradient balance wind theory and the SABER observations, a dataset of monthly mean zonal wind has been developed at heights of 18–100 km and latitudes of 50° Sndash;50° N from 2002 to 2019. The dataset agrees with the zonal wind from models (MERRA2, UARP, HWM14) and observations by meteor radar and lidar at seven stations. The dataset can be used to study seasonal and interannual variations and can serve as a background for wave studies of tides and planetary waves.
Ana Roberta Paulino, Fabiano da Silva Araújo, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Lourivaldo Mota Lima, Paulo Prado Batista, and Inez Staciarini Batista
Ann. Geophys., 39, 151–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-151-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-151-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long- and short-period oscillations in the lunar semidiurnal tidal amplitudes in the ionosphere derived from the total electron content were investigated over Brazil from 2011 to 2014. The results showed annual, semiannual and triannual oscillations as the dominant components. Additionally, the most pronounced short-period oscillations were observed between 7 and 11 d, which suggest a possible coupling of the lunar tide and planetary waves.
Jianyuan Wang, Wen Yi, Jianfei Wu, Tingdi Chen, Xianghui Xue, Robert A. Vincent, Iain M. Reid, Paulo P. Batista, Ricardo A. Buriti, Toshitaka Tsuda, and Xiankang Dou
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-33, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-33, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
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In this study, we report the climatology of migrating and non-migrating tides in mesopause winds estimated using multiyear observations from three meteor radars in the southern equatorial region. The results reveal that the climatological patterns of tidal amplitudes by meteor radars is similar to the Climatological Tidal Model of the Thermosphere (CTMT) results and the differences are mainly due to the effect of the stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) event.
Ricardo A. Buriti, Wayne Hocking, Paulo P. Batista, Igo Paulino, Ana R. Paulino, Marcial Garbanzo-Salas, Barclay Clemesha, and Amauri F. Medeiros
Ann. Geophys., 38, 1247–1256, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1247-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Solar atmospheric tides are natural oscillations of 24, 12, 8... hours that contribute to the circulation of the atmosphere from low to high altitudes. The Sun heats the atmosphere periodically because, mainly, water vapor and ozone absorb solar radiation between the ground and 50 km height during the day. Tides propagate upward and they can be observed in, for example, the wind field. This work presents diurnal tides observed by meteor radars which measure wind between 80 and 100 km height.
Joyrles Fernandes de Moraes, Igo Paulino, Lívia R. Alves, and Clezio Marcos Denardini
Ann. Geophys., 38, 881–888, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-881-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-881-2020, 2020
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Effects of space weather events in technological systems were studied in the tropical region of Brazil by investigating the Bolivia–Brazil pipeline during space weather events with different intensities. The results presented significant corrosion levels during the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm and showed that the effects of space weather must be accounted for, even in low latitudes, since the lifetime of the pipelines can be reduced.
Oluwakemi Dare-Idowu, Igo Paulino, Cosme A. O. B. Figueiredo, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ricardo A. Buriti, Ana Roberta Paulino, and Cristiano M. Wrasse
Ann. Geophys., 38, 507–516, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-507-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-507-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Some strong gravity wave activity occurred and was observed on 8 April 2005. This work reports the spectral characteristics of these waves using OH airglow images captured by the all-sky imager installed at São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W). A preferential propagation direction was observed due to the positioning of the source and also due to the wind filtering effect. Furthermore, the source of these waves was identified by performing reverse-ray tracing analysis.
Igo Paulino, Ana Roberta Paulino, Ricardo Y. C. Cueva, Ebenezer Agyei-Yeboah, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Hisao Takahashi, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Ângela M. Santos, Amauri Fragoso de Medeiros, and Inez S. Batista
Ann. Geophys., 38, 437–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-437-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-437-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, an extensive study has been done in order to investigate periodic oscillations in the start times of equatorial plasma bubbles observed over Brazil. Using OI6300 airglow images and ionograms, it was possible to detect semimonthly oscillations in the start times of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) and equatorial Spread-F. This semimonthly oscillation is likely related to the lunar tide, which represents an important mechanism acting in the day-to-day variability of EPBs.
Patrick Essien, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Jose Andre V. Campos, Ana Roberta Paulino, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Hisao Takahashi, Ebenezer Agyei-Yeboah, and Aline N. Lins
Ann. Geophys., 36, 899–914, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-899-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-899-2018, 2018
Short summary
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Present work reports seasonal characteristics of small- and medium-scale gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. All-sky images of the hydroxyl airglow emission layer over São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W) were observed from September 2000 to December 2010, during a total of 1496 nights and obtained 2343 SSGW and 537 MSGW events. The horizontal propagation directions of SSGWs and MSGWs showed clear seasonal variations based on the influence of the wind filtering process.
Prosper K. Nyassor, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Igo Paulino, Amauri F. Medeiros, Hisao Takahashi, Cristiano M. Wrasse, and Delano Gobbi
Ann. Geophys., 36, 705–715, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-705-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-705-2018, 2018
Rafael L. A. Mesquita, John W. Meriwether, Jonathan J. Makela, Daniel J. Fisher, Brian J. Harding, Samuel C. Sanders, Fasil Tesema, and Aaron J. Ridley
Ann. Geophys., 36, 541–553, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-541-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-541-2018, 2018
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The midnight temperature maximum (MTM) is a phenomenon resulting from the constructive interference of the atmospheric tides. This paper brings the analysis of a long data set (846 nights) from the NATION network along with new analysis techniques (harmonic background removal and 2-D temperature interpolation) to detect the MTM in the mid-latitude range.
Hui Wang, Kedeng Zhang, Zhichao Zheng, and Aaron James Ridley
Ann. Geophys., 36, 509–525, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-509-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-509-2018, 2018
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For subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) commencing at different universal
times (UT), the strongest westward neutral winds exhibit large variations
in amplitudes. The effect of a sine-wave oscillation of SAPS on the neutral wind also exhibits UT variations in association with the solar illumination. The reduction in the electron density and enhancement in the air mass density are strongest when the maximum solar illumination collocates with the SAPS.
Amelia Naomi Onohara, Inez Staciarini Batista, and Paulo Prado Batista
Ann. Geophys., 36, 459–471, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-459-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-459-2018, 2018
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Global coverage measurements made by satellites have provided observational studies which have shown the presence of four peaks in global longitudinal structures from global local time observations of equatorial ionization anomalies. The structures seen in the ionosphere are related to the diurnal non-migrating wave that comes from the troposphere and can be noticed in periods of low and high solar activity in the low-latitude ionosphere regions, mainly at altitudes from ~ 250 km up to ~ 800 km.
Amauri Fragoso Medeiros, Igo Paulino, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Joaquim Fechine, Hisao Takahashi, José Valentin Bageston, Ana Roberta Paulino, and Ricardo Arlen Buriti
Ann. Geophys., 36, 311–319, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-311-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-311-2018, 2018
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On 3 October 2005, a mesospheric front was observed over São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W) propagating to the northeast in the OH airglow images. One and a half hours later, it disappeared completely and ripples were observed in the eastern part of the images. After studying the background atmosphere, the main conclusion of this work was that the instability in the airglow layer did not allow the propagation of the front to the other side of the local zenith.
Igo Paulino, Joyrles F. Moraes, Gleuson L. Maranhão, Cristiano M. Wrasse, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, Amauri F. Medeiros, Ana Roberta Paulino, Hisao Takahashi, Jonathan J. Makela, John W. Meriwether, and José André V. Campos
Ann. Geophys., 36, 265–273, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-265-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-265-2018, 2018
Short summary
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This article presents characteristics of periodic waves observed in the thermosphere from airglow images collected in the Northeast of Brazil. Using simultaneous measurements of the background wind in the airglow emission altitudes, it was possible to estimate the intrinsic parameters and the role of the wind in the propagation of the waves into the thermosphere. An anisotropy in the propagation direction of the waves was observed and it could be explained by the wind filtering process.
Gabriel Augusto Giongo, José Valentin Bageston, Paulo Prado Batista, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Gabriela Dornelles Bittencourt, Igo Paulino, Neusa Maria Paes Leme, David C. Fritts, Diego Janches, Wayne Hocking, and Nelson Jorge Schuch
Ann. Geophys., 36, 253–264, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-253-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-253-2018, 2018
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This work presents four events of mesosphere fronts observed on King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, in the year 2011. The atmospheric background environment was analyzed to investigate the propagation conditions for all cases. To investigate the sources for such cases, satellite images were used. In two cases, we found that strong tropospheric instabilities were potential sources, and in the other two cases, it was not possible to associate them with tropospheric sources.
Cosme Alexandre O. B. Figueiredo, Ricardo A. Buriti, Igo Paulino, John W. Meriwether, Jonathan J. Makela, Inez S. Batista, Diego Barros, and Amauri F. Medeiros
Ann. Geophys., 35, 953–963, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-953-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-953-2017, 2017
Davide Masutti, Günther March, Aaron J. Ridley, and Jan Thoemel
Ann. Geophys., 34, 725–736, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-725-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-725-2016, 2016
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The Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model has been validated against flight data. The validation shows a linear dependency of the neutral density values with respect to the solar activity. In particular, the thermosphere model shows an over-predicting or under-predicting behaviour under high or low solar activity respectively. The reasons for such behaviour can be attributed to an erroneous implementation of the chemical processes or the gas transport properties in the model.
Amitava Guharay, Paulo Prado Batista, Barclay Robert Clemesha, Ricardo Arlen Buriti, and Nelson Jorge Schuch
Ann. Geophys., 34, 411–419, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-411-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-411-2016, 2016
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A comparative study of the quasi-16-day wave in the middle from three Brazilian stations, indicates multiple modes of the concerned wave component. The wave amplitude shows maxima in summer and winter. A potential coupling of the concerned wave with other short period planetary waves is found. The dominant wave components vary from the westward to eastward from the tropical to mid-latitude in the stratosphere. The prevailing westerly wind may favor the wave filtering of westward waves.
I. Paulino, A. F. Medeiros, S. L. Vadas, C. M. Wrasse, H. Takahashi, R. A. Buriti, D. Leite, S. Filgueira, J. V. Bageston, J. H. A. Sobral, and D. Gobbi
Ann. Geophys., 34, 293–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-293-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-293-2016, 2016
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Periodic waves have been observed over São João do Cariri during almost one solar cycle. Similarities between the characteristics of these events with observations at other places around the world were noted, primarily the spectral parameters. Most observed waves have appeared during magnetically quiet nights, and the occurrence of those waves followed the solar activity. Due to their characteristics, most of them must have had different generation mechanisms from the Perkins instability.
A. F. Medeiros, I. Paulino, M. J. Taylor, J. Fechine, H. Takahashi, R. A. Buriti, L. M. Lima, and C. M. Wrasse
Ann. Geophys., 34, 91–96, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-91-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-91-2016, 2016
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This paper reports two consecutive mesospheric bores observed in the airglow emissions (OH and OI5577). Both bores propagated to the east and showed similar spectral characteristics. However, the first one exhibited a dark leading front with several trailing waves behind and progressed into a brighter airglow region. However, the second bore, observed in the OH layer, was comprised of several bright waves propagating into a darker airglow region.
M. Sivakandan, I. Paulino, A. Taori, and K. Niranjan
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 93–102, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-93-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-93-2016, 2016
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The small-scale gravity waves are the least understood processes in the middle-atmospheric variability. Using airglow imaging, we provide new measurements of gravity wave propagation over equatorial latitudes in India. We find that propagation of waves is often in the opposite direction to the tropospheric convective regions. These waves are found to have horizontal wavelengths ranging from 12 to 42 km, with the phase velocities in the 20 to 90 km range.
V. F. Andrioli, P. P. Batista, B. R. Clemesha, N. J. Schuch, and R. A. Buriti
Ann. Geophys., 33, 1183–1193, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1183-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1183-2015, 2015
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Multi-year observations of gravity wave momentum fluxes have been analyzed at three different sites using meteor radar data. This is a first, as no such experimental results on the latitudinal dependence of these parameters at low latitudes had been derived with ground-based instruments in the MLT region before. Until now similar studies had been carried out with satellites and circulation models. Therefore this thematic can be lead to a valuable scientific contribution.
C. R. Clauer, H. Kim, K. Deshpande, Z. Xu, D. Weimer, S. Musko, G. Crowley, C. Fish, R. Nealy, T. E. Humphreys, J. A. Bhatti, and A. J. Ridley
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 3, 211–227, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-3-211-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-3-211-2014, 2014
L. R. Araújo, L. M. Lima, P. P. Batista, B. R. Clemesha, and H. Takahashi
Ann. Geophys., 32, 519–531, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-519-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-519-2014, 2014
H. Wang, H. Lühr, A. Ridley, and T. Huang
Ann. Geophys., 32, 533–542, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-533-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-533-2014, 2014
Y. Deng and A. J. Ridley
Ann. Geophys., 32, 443–447, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-443-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-443-2014, 2014
V. F. Andrioli, D. C. Fritts, P. P. Batista, B. R. Clemesha, and D. Janches
Ann. Geophys., 31, 2123–2135, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-2123-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-2123-2013, 2013
V. F. Andrioli, D. C. Fritts, P. P. Batista, and B. R. Clemesha
Ann. Geophys., 31, 889–908, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-889-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-889-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Earth's ionosphere & aeronomy | Keywords: Instruments and techniques
Simulation of interferometric imaging with EISCAT_3D for fine-scale in-beam incoherent scatter spectra measurements
Estimation and evaluation of hourly Meteorological Operational (MetOp) satellites' GPS receiver differential code biases (DCBs) with two different methods
A technique for volumetric incoherent scatter radar analysis
Sounding of sporadic E layers from China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) radio occultation and comparing with ionosonde measurements
Observing electric field and neutral wind with EISCAT 3D
Inferring thermospheric composition from ionogram profiles: a calibration with the TIMED spacecraft
Radar imaging with EISCAT 3D
Auroral ionospheric E region parameters obtained from satellite- based far-ultraviolet and ground-based ionosonde observations – effects of proton precipitation
Estimating satellite and receiver differential code bias using a relative Global Positioning System network
Validation of Clyde River SuperDARN radar velocity measurements with the RISR-C incoherent scatter radar
Devin Huyghebaert, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andreas Kvammen, Matthew Zettergren, John Swoboda, Ilkka Virtanen, Spencer M. Hatch, and Karl M. Laundal
Ann. Geophys., 43, 99–113, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-99-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-99-2025, 2025
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The EISCAT_3D radar is a new ionospheric radar under construction in the Fennoscandia region. The radar will make measurements of plasma characteristics at altitudes above approximately 60 km. The capability of the system to make these measurements at spatial scales of less than 100 m using multiple digitised signals from each of the radar antenna panels is highlighted. There are many ionospheric small-scale processes that will be further resolved using the techniques discussed here.
Linlin Li and Shuanggen Jin
Ann. Geophys., 41, 465–481, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-465-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-465-2023, 2023
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We used the spherical harmonic function (SHF) and the local spherical symmetry (LSS) assumption methods to calculate the hourly and daily LEO satellite GPS differential code bias (DCB). The SHF method is more stable and precise than the LSS assumption. The daily DCB estimation is more accurate and stable than the hourly DCB due to more observation data. Hourly DCBs have large changes in one day, mainly be attributed to random errors because these error time series have a normal distribution.
Johann Stamm, Juha Vierinen, Björn Gustavsson, and Andres Spicher
Ann. Geophys., 41, 55–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-55-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-55-2023, 2023
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The study of some ionospheric events benefit from the knowledge of how the physics varies over a volume and over time. Examples are studies of aurora or energy deposition. With EISCAT3D, measurements of ion velocity vectors in a volume will be possible for the first time. We present a technique that uses a set of such measurements to estimate electric field and neutral wind. The technique relies on adding restrictions to the estimates. We successfully consider restrictions based on physics.
Chengkun Gan, Jiayu Hu, Xiaomin Luo, Chao Xiong, and Shengfeng Gu
Ann. Geophys., 40, 463–474, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-463-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-463-2022, 2022
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We develop a new criterion to determine Es, i.e., when the mean value of the absolute value of the difference between the normalized SNR is greater than 3 times the standard deviation. We show that Es have strong seasonal variations, with the highest occurrence rates in the summer season at midlatitudes mainly located at 90–110 km at 14:00–20:00 LT. The comparison of Es altitudes from radio occultation profiles with ionosonde revealed a large correspondence between both measurement techniques.
Johann Stamm, Juha Vierinen, and Björn Gustavsson
Ann. Geophys., 39, 961–974, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-961-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-961-2021, 2021
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Measurements of the electric field and neutral wind in the ionosphere are important for understanding energy flows or electric currents. With incoherent scatter radars (ISRs), we can measure the velocity of the ions, which depends on both the electrical field and the neutral wind. In this paper, we investigate methods to use ISR data to find reasonable values for both parameters. We find that electric field can be well measured down to 125 km height and neutral wind below this height.
Christopher J. Scott, Shannon Jones, and Luke A. Barnard
Ann. Geophys., 39, 309–319, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-309-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-309-2021, 2021
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The composition of the upper atmosphere has been difficult to measure with localised observations relying on spacecraft, suborbital rockets or measurements of airglow from ground-based observatories. The height profile of ionisation within the neutral upper atmosphere is influenced by the composition of the neutral gas. We present a method for determining the neutral upper-atmosphere composition from measurements of the ionisation profile and compare these with spacecraft measurements.
Johann Stamm, Juha Vierinen, Juan M. Urco, Björn Gustavsson, and Jorge L. Chau
Ann. Geophys., 39, 119–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-119-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-119-2021, 2021
Harold K. Knight
Ann. Geophys., 39, 105–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-105-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-105-2021, 2021
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Comparisons were made of ground-based ionosonde (a type of radar) observations of the ionosphere and satellite-based observations of auroral far-ultraviolet emissions to determine whether a remote sensing algorithm for determining auroral ionospheric electron densities from far-ultraviolet emissions was biased by the presence of proton precipitation, and it was found that there was no such bias.
Alaa A. Elghazouly, Mohamed I. Doma, and Ahmed A. Sedeek
Ann. Geophys., 37, 1039–1047, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-1039-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-1039-2019, 2019
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Receiver and satellite differential code biases (DCBs) are one of the main error sources in estimating precise global ionosphere maps (GIMs) from Global Positioning System (GPS) data. This paper introduces a mathematical model for estimating satellite and receiver DCBs from a GPS network written in the MATLAB environment. Our code was tested and compared with Ionosphere Associated Analysis Centers (IAAC) and other researchers' code results. The results show an improvement for estimated DCBs.
Alexander Koustov, Robert Gillies, and Peter Bankole
Ann. Geophys., 36, 1657–1666, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1657-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1657-2018, 2018
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Clyde River (CLY) SuperDARN radar velocities reflecting plasma flows in the ionosphere are consistent with measurements by the incoherent scatter radar RISR. While agreement is good in the range of RISR velocity magnitudes of 0–700 m s−1, CLY velocities become progressively smaller at faster flows. In one example of strong disagreements between the instruments, by 200 m s−1, the radars monitored strongly sheared flows. Validation of the CLY radar confirms the reliability of SuperDARN operation.
Cited articles
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Short summary
Comparisons of wind measurements using two different techniques (ground-based radar and satellite) in Brazil during 2006 were made in order to point out the advantages of each instrument for studies in the mesosphere and upper thermosphere. (i) For short-period variations, the measurements of the satellite were more advantageous. (ii) The monthly climatology using the radar was more appropriate. (iii) For long periods (longer than a few months), both instruments responded satisfactorily.
Comparisons of wind measurements using two different techniques (ground-based radar and...
