Satellite remote sensing helps monitor dust storms. Our study compared five satellite products that use ground-based PM₁₀ data. Most products agreed on the daily dust distribution, with absorbing aerosol index (AAI) performing best under cloud cover. Overall, the Sentinel-5P AAI has the highest probability of correct detection (POCD) in dust events but is unstable and has a high probability of false detection (POFD). The FY4A/B infrared difference dust index (IDDI) has the lowest POCD, but it is relatively stable, and its POFD is low.

We investigated the possible widening of the tropical belt along with the probable drivers and impacts based on high-accuracy, high-resolution GNSS RO data (2001–2020). The results show that the tropical belt has significant expansion in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Southern Hemisphere has no significant expansion.

In this paper, the receiver differential code bias (DCB) of BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) is estimated as the changing parameter within 1 d with epoch-by-epoch estimates. The intraday variability of receiver DCB is analyzed from 30 d of Multi-GNSS Experiment observations. In particular, the intraday stability of receiver DCB for the BDS-3 and BDS-2 observations is compared. The result shows that the intraday stability of BDS-3 receiver DCB is better than that of BDS-2 receiver DCB.