Articles | Volume 43, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-561-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-561-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Regular paper
| 
01 Oct 2025
Regular paper |
| 01 Oct 2025
| 01 Oct 2025
Electron-driven variability of the upper-atmospheric nitric oxide column density over the Syowa station in Antarctica
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Akira Mizuno
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Yoshizumi Miyoshi
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Sandeep Kumar
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Taku Nakajima
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Shin-Ichiro Oyama
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Tomoo Nagahama
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Satonori Nozawa
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Monika E. Szeląg
Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Tuomas Häkkilä
Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Niilo Kalakoski
Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Antti Kero
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
Esa Turunen
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
Satoshi Kasahara
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Shoichiro Yokota
Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Japan
Kunihiro Keika
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Tomoaki Hori
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Takefumi Mitani
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
Takeshi Takashima
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
Iku Shinohara
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
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Short summary
We use NO column density data from the Syowa station in Antarctica from 2012–2017. We compare these ground-based radiometer observations with results from a global atmosphere model to understand the year-to-year and day-to-day variability, shortcomings of current electron forcing, and how geomagnetic storms are driving the variability of NO. Our results demonstrate an underestimation in the magnitude of day-to-day variability in simulations, which calls for improved electron forcing in models.
We use NO column density data from the Syowa station in Antarctica from 2012–2017. We compare...
