Drivers of rapid geomagnetic variations at high latitudes

Juusola, Liisa; Viljanen, Ari; Dimmock, Andrew P.; Kellinsalmi, Mirjam; Schillings, Audrey; Weygand, James M.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-13-2023

Articles | Volume 41, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-13-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-13-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 41, issue 1

Regular paper

|

11 Jan 2023

Regular paper |

| 11 Jan 2023

Drivers of rapid geomagnetic variations at high latitudes

Liisa Juusola, Ari Viljanen, Andrew P. Dimmock, Mirjam Kellinsalmi, Audrey Schillings, and James M. Weygand

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-13-2023-supplement

Data sets

IMAGE data download + custom magnetograms IMAGE data https://space.fmi.fi/image/www/?page=user_defined

GIC recordings in the Finnish natural gas pipeline - ASCII files GIC recordings in the Finnish natural gas pipeline https://space.fmi.fi/gic/man_ascii/

Sudden Commencements (SC) Sudden Commencements (SC) https://isgi.unistra.fr/events_sc.php

OMNI 1-min Data N. E. Papitashvili and J. H. King https://doi.org/10.48322/45bb-8792

Model code and software

ApexPy K. M. Laundal, C. van der Meeren, A. G. Burrell, G., Starr, A. Reimer, A. Morschhauser, and L. Lamarche https://apexpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

A Python package for wavelet analysis R. L. Gregory R. Gommers, F. Wasilewski, K. Wohlfahrt, and A. O'Leary https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01237

Short summary

We have examined events during which the measured magnetic field on the ground changes very rapidly, causing a risk to technological conductor networks. According to our results, such events occur when strong electric currents in the ionosphere at 100 km altitude are abruptly modified by sudden compression or expansion of the magnetospheric magnetic field farther in space.