Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 40, issue 4
Articles | Volume 40, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-463-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-463-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 40, issue 4
Regular paper
 | 
07 Jul 2022
Regular paper |  | 07 Jul 2022

Sounding of sporadic E layers from China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) radio occultation and comparing with ionosonde measurements

Chengkun Gan, Jiayu Hu, Xiaomin Luo, Chao Xiong, and Shengfeng Gu

Viewed

Total article views: 3,229 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total BibTeX EndNote
2,303 808 118 3,229 123 173
  • HTML: 2,303
  • PDF: 808
  • XML: 118
  • Total: 3,229
  • BibTeX: 123
  • EndNote: 173
Views and downloads (calculated since 11 Jan 2022)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Jan 2022)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 3,229 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 3,164 with geography defined and 65 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 

Cited

Saved (final revised paper)

Latest update: 04 May 2026
Download
Short summary
We develop a new criterion to determine Es, i.e., when the mean value of the absolute value of the difference between the normalized SNR is greater than 3 times the standard deviation. We show that Es have strong seasonal variations, with the highest occurrence rates in the summer season at midlatitudes mainly located at 90–110 km at 14:00–20:00 LT. The comparison of Es altitudes from radio occultation profiles with ionosonde revealed a large correspondence between both measurement techniques.
Read more
Share