Regular paper
|
15 Jun 2022
Regular paper |
|
15 Jun 2022
Finite-difference time-domain analysis of ELF radio wave propagation in the spherical Earth–ionosphere waveguide and its validation based on analytical solutions
Volodymyr Marchenko , Andrzej Kulak , and Janusz Mlynarczyk
Viewed
Total article views: 3,067 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
2,183
793
91
3,067
101
140
HTML: 2,183
PDF: 793
XML: 91
Total: 3,067
BibTeX: 101
EndNote: 140
Views and downloads (calculated since 31 Aug 2021)
Month
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Aug 2021
17
5
0
22
Sep 2021
216
27
3
246
Oct 2021
215
18
5
238
Nov 2021
67
15
3
85
Dec 2021
25
9
2
36
Jan 2022
24
8
0
32
Feb 2022
23
11
0
34
Mar 2022
14
4
1
19
Apr 2022
15
13
0
28
May 2022
14
11
1
26
Jun 2022
165
33
13
211
Jul 2022
149
24
1
174
Aug 2022
117
16
0
133
Sep 2022
62
12
0
74
Oct 2022
53
15
2
70
Nov 2022
37
11
0
48
Dec 2022
22
21
0
43
Jan 2023
19
13
0
32
Feb 2023
20
10
0
30
Mar 2023
28
14
0
42
Apr 2023
17
13
1
31
May 2023
14
10
3
27
Jun 2023
11
13
1
25
Jul 2023
37
20
0
57
Aug 2023
14
13
1
28
Sep 2023
26
15
5
46
Oct 2023
18
8
2
28
Nov 2023
6
12
1
19
Dec 2023
22
7
2
31
Jan 2024
14
7
1
22
Feb 2024
10
12
2
24
Mar 2024
18
29
0
47
Apr 2024
12
10
2
24
May 2024
35
6
7
48
Jun 2024
45
11
4
60
Jul 2024
26
11
5
42
Aug 2024
30
14
4
48
Sep 2024
27
17
2
46
Oct 2024
22
10
4
36
Nov 2024
20
18
1
39
Dec 2024
11
5
0
16
Jan 2025
12
16
0
28
Feb 2025
19
16
0
35
Mar 2025
34
23
0
57
Apr 2025
22
10
1
33
May 2025
25
16
2
43
Jun 2025
62
18
1
81
Jul 2025
32
19
2
53
Aug 2025
51
12
1
64
Sep 2025
62
25
2
89
Oct 2025
45
41
2
88
Nov 2025
68
32
1
101
Dec 2025
14
14
0
28
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 31 Aug 2021)
Month
HTML views
PDF downloads
XML downloads
Aug 2021
17
5
0
22
Sep 2021
233
32
3
268
Oct 2021
448
50
8
506
Nov 2021
515
65
11
591
Dec 2021
540
74
13
627
Jan 2022
564
82
13
659
Feb 2022
587
93
13
693
Mar 2022
601
97
14
712
Apr 2022
616
110
14
740
May 2022
630
121
15
766
Jun 2022
795
154
28
977
Jul 2022
944
178
29
1,151
Aug 2022
1,061
194
29
1,284
Sep 2022
1,123
206
29
1,358
Oct 2022
1,176
221
31
1,428
Nov 2022
1,213
232
31
1,476
Dec 2022
1,235
253
31
1,519
Jan 2023
1,254
266
31
1,551
Feb 2023
1,274
276
31
1,581
Mar 2023
1,302
290
31
1,623
Apr 2023
1,319
303
32
1,654
May 2023
1,333
313
35
1,681
Jun 2023
1,344
326
36
1,706
Jul 2023
1,381
346
36
1,763
Aug 2023
1,395
359
37
1,791
Sep 2023
1,421
374
42
1,837
Oct 2023
1,439
382
44
1,865
Nov 2023
1,445
394
45
1,884
Dec 2023
1,467
401
47
1,915
Jan 2024
1,481
408
48
1,937
Feb 2024
1,491
420
50
1,961
Mar 2024
1,509
449
50
2,008
Apr 2024
1,521
459
52
2,032
May 2024
1,556
465
59
2,080
Jun 2024
1,601
476
63
2,140
Jul 2024
1,627
487
68
2,182
Aug 2024
1,657
501
72
2,230
Sep 2024
1,684
518
74
2,276
Oct 2024
1,706
528
78
2,312
Nov 2024
1,726
546
79
2,351
Dec 2024
1,737
551
79
2,367
Jan 2025
1,749
567
79
2,395
Feb 2025
1,768
583
79
2,430
Mar 2025
1,802
606
79
2,487
Apr 2025
1,824
616
80
2,520
May 2025
1,849
632
82
2,563
Jun 2025
1,911
650
83
2,644
Jul 2025
1,943
669
85
2,697
Aug 2025
1,994
681
86
2,761
Sep 2025
2,056
706
88
2,850
Oct 2025
2,101
747
90
2,938
Nov 2025
2,169
779
91
3,039
Dec 2025
2,183
793
91
3,067
Total article views: 1,898 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
1,389
443
66
1,898
82
129
HTML: 1,389
PDF: 443
XML: 66
Total: 1,898
BibTeX: 82
EndNote: 129
Views and downloads (calculated since 15 Jun 2022)
Month
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Jun 2022
152
28
8
188
Jul 2022
142
19
1
162
Aug 2022
117
8
0
125
Sep 2022
55
11
0
66
Oct 2022
42
9
1
52
Nov 2022
26
9
0
35
Dec 2022
11
13
0
24
Jan 2023
7
3
0
10
Feb 2023
18
8
0
26
Mar 2023
19
14
0
33
Apr 2023
15
8
1
24
May 2023
12
6
3
21
Jun 2023
6
5
1
12
Jul 2023
17
13
0
30
Aug 2023
8
7
1
16
Sep 2023
25
12
5
42
Oct 2023
16
6
2
24
Nov 2023
6
8
1
15
Dec 2023
22
6
2
30
Jan 2024
14
2
1
17
Feb 2024
8
7
0
15
Mar 2024
17
19
0
36
Apr 2024
11
7
2
20
May 2024
34
6
7
47
Jun 2024
45
7
4
56
Jul 2024
21
6
3
30
Aug 2024
25
9
4
38
Sep 2024
26
10
2
38
Oct 2024
22
3
4
29
Nov 2024
18
10
1
29
Dec 2024
11
3
0
14
Jan 2025
12
11
0
23
Feb 2025
15
11
0
26
Mar 2025
29
13
0
42
Apr 2025
22
6
1
29
May 2025
23
13
2
38
Jun 2025
59
13
1
73
Jul 2025
31
14
2
47
Aug 2025
51
9
1
61
Sep 2025
54
13
2
69
Oct 2025
44
22
2
68
Nov 2025
67
26
1
94
Dec 2025
14
10
0
24
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 15 Jun 2022)
Month
HTML views
PDF downloads
XML downloads
Jun 2022
152
28
8
Jul 2022
294
47
9
Aug 2022
411
55
9
Sep 2022
466
66
9
Oct 2022
508
75
10
Nov 2022
534
84
10
Dec 2022
545
97
10
Jan 2023
552
100
10
Feb 2023
570
108
10
Mar 2023
589
122
10
Apr 2023
604
130
11
May 2023
616
136
14
Jun 2023
622
141
15
Jul 2023
639
154
15
Aug 2023
647
161
16
Sep 2023
672
173
21
Oct 2023
688
179
23
Nov 2023
694
187
24
Dec 2023
716
193
26
Jan 2024
730
195
27
Feb 2024
738
202
27
Mar 2024
755
221
27
Apr 2024
766
228
29
May 2024
800
234
36
Jun 2024
845
241
40
Jul 2024
866
247
43
Aug 2024
891
256
47
Sep 2024
917
266
49
Oct 2024
939
269
53
Nov 2024
957
279
54
Dec 2024
968
282
54
Jan 2025
980
293
54
Feb 2025
995
304
54
Mar 2025
1,024
317
54
Apr 2025
1,046
323
55
May 2025
1,069
336
57
Jun 2025
1,128
349
58
Jul 2025
1,159
363
60
Aug 2025
1,210
372
61
Sep 2025
1,264
385
63
Oct 2025
1,308
407
65
Nov 2025
1,375
433
66
Dec 2025
1,389
443
66
Total article views: 1,169 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
794
350
25
1,169
19
11
HTML: 794
PDF: 350
XML: 25
Total: 1,169
BibTeX: 19
EndNote: 11
Views and downloads (calculated since 31 Aug 2021)
Month
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Aug 2021
17
5
0
22
Sep 2021
216
27
3
246
Oct 2021
215
18
5
238
Nov 2021
67
15
3
85
Dec 2021
25
9
2
36
Jan 2022
24
8
0
32
Feb 2022
23
11
0
34
Mar 2022
14
4
1
19
Apr 2022
15
13
0
28
May 2022
14
11
1
26
Jun 2022
13
5
5
23
Jul 2022
7
5
0
12
Aug 2022
8
0
8
Sep 2022
7
1
0
8
Oct 2022
11
6
1
18
Nov 2022
11
2
0
13
Dec 2022
11
8
0
19
Jan 2023
12
10
0
22
Feb 2023
2
2
0
4
Mar 2023
9
0
9
Apr 2023
2
5
0
7
May 2023
2
4
0
6
Jun 2023
5
8
0
13
Jul 2023
20
7
0
27
Aug 2023
6
6
0
12
Sep 2023
1
3
0
4
Oct 2023
2
2
0
4
Nov 2023
4
0
4
Dec 2023
1
0
1
Jan 2024
5
0
5
Feb 2024
2
5
2
9
Mar 2024
1
10
0
11
Apr 2024
1
3
0
4
May 2024
1
0
1
Jun 2024
4
0
4
Jul 2024
5
5
2
12
Aug 2024
5
5
0
10
Sep 2024
1
7
0
8
Oct 2024
7
0
7
Nov 2024
2
8
0
10
Dec 2024
2
0
2
Jan 2025
5
0
5
Feb 2025
4
5
0
9
Mar 2025
5
10
0
15
Apr 2025
4
0
4
May 2025
2
3
0
5
Jun 2025
3
5
0
8
Jul 2025
1
5
0
6
Aug 2025
3
0
3
Sep 2025
8
12
0
20
Oct 2025
1
19
0
20
Nov 2025
1
6
0
7
Dec 2025
4
0
4
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 31 Aug 2021)
Month
HTML views
PDF downloads
XML downloads
Aug 2021
17
5
0
Sep 2021
233
32
3
Oct 2021
448
50
8
Nov 2021
515
65
11
Dec 2021
540
74
13
Jan 2022
564
82
13
Feb 2022
587
93
13
Mar 2022
601
97
14
Apr 2022
616
110
14
May 2022
630
121
15
Jun 2022
643
126
20
Jul 2022
650
131
20
Aug 2022
650
139
20
Sep 2022
657
140
20
Oct 2022
668
146
21
Nov 2022
679
148
21
Dec 2022
690
156
21
Jan 2023
702
166
21
Feb 2023
704
168
21
Mar 2023
713
168
21
Apr 2023
715
173
21
May 2023
717
177
21
Jun 2023
722
185
21
Jul 2023
742
192
21
Aug 2023
748
198
21
Sep 2023
749
201
21
Oct 2023
751
203
21
Nov 2023
751
207
21
Dec 2023
751
208
21
Jan 2024
751
213
21
Feb 2024
753
218
23
Mar 2024
754
228
23
Apr 2024
755
231
23
May 2024
756
231
23
Jun 2024
756
235
23
Jul 2024
761
240
25
Aug 2024
766
245
25
Sep 2024
767
252
25
Oct 2024
767
259
25
Nov 2024
769
267
25
Dec 2024
769
269
25
Jan 2025
769
274
25
Feb 2025
773
279
25
Mar 2025
778
289
25
Apr 2025
778
293
25
May 2025
780
296
25
Jun 2025
783
301
25
Jul 2025
784
306
25
Aug 2025
784
309
25
Sep 2025
792
321
25
Oct 2025
793
340
25
Nov 2025
794
346
25
Dec 2025
794
350
25
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 3,067 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,963 with geography defined
and 104 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,898 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,850 with geography defined
and 48 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,169 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,113 with geography defined
and 56 with unknown origin.
Total:
0
HTML:
0
PDF:
0
XML:
0
Total:
0
HTML:
0
PDF:
0
XML:
0
Total:
0
HTML:
0
PDF:
0
XML:
0
Latest update: 06 Dec 2025