Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 40, issue 3
Articles | Volume 40, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-315-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-40-315-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 40, issue 3
Regular paper
 | 
31 May 2022
Regular paper |  | 31 May 2022

Fine structure and motion of the bow shock and particle energisation mechanisms inferred from Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations

Krzysztof Stasiewicz and Zbigniew Kłos

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Latest update: 23 Apr 2025
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Short summary
The acceleration, or energisation, of particles is a common and fundamental process throughout the universe. This study presents new observations of the acceleration of protons by waves at the bow shock upstream of the Earth, where the solar wind first encounters Earth’s magnetic field. The results are important, because they provide insight into acceleration processes that can create high-energy particles both near the Earth and at other astrophysical systems.
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