Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 38, issue 2
Articles | Volume 38, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-297-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-297-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 38, issue 2
Regular paper
 | 
06 Mar 2020
Regular paper |  | 06 Mar 2020

Electron heating by HF pumping of high-latitude ionospheric F-region plasma near magnetic zenith

Thomas B. Leyser, Björn Gustavsson, Theresa Rexer, and Michael T. Rietveld

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Latest update: 09 Sep 2024
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Short summary
Powerful radio waves transmitted into the ionosphere give the strongest turbulence effects in geomagnetic zenith, antiparallel to the magnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere. Our results obtained with the EISCAT (European Incoherent SCATter association) Heating facility in Norway and the EISCAT UHF incoherent scatter radar together with modelling suggest that the pump wave propagates in the L mode, rather than in the O mode that is usually assumed to be involved in such experiments.
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