Articles | Volume 37, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-1197-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-1197-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review paper
| Highlight paper
| 
19 Dec 2019
Review paper | Highlight paper |
| 19 Dec 2019
| 19 Dec 2019
Terrestrial ion escape and relevant circulation in space
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Box 812, 98128 Kiruna, Sweden
Invited contribution by Masatoshi Yamauchi, recipient of the EGU Julius Bartels Medal 2019.
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20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Spacecraft Wake: Interference With Electric Field Observations and a Possibility to Detect Cold Ions M. André et al. 10.1029/2021JA029493
- A Review of Observations of Molecular Ions in the Earth’s Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System M. Lin & R. Ilie 10.3389/fspas.2021.745357
- Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet Y. Li et al. 10.3389/fspas.2021.745264
- A review of instrument techniques to measure magnetospheric cold electrons and ions C. Maldonado et al. 10.3389/fspas.2022.1005845
- Near-collapse of the geomagnetic field may have contributed to atmospheric oxygenation and animal radiation in the Ediacaran Period W. Huang et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01360-4
- Space and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary region L. Baddeley et al. 10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9
- The Polar Wind Modulated by the Spatial Inhomogeneity of the Strength of the Earth's Magnetic Field K. Li et al. 10.1029/2020JA027802
- Impacts of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetic Reconnection and Earth's Magnetosphere Dynamics S. Toledo‐Redondo et al. 10.1029/2020RG000707
- A Multi‐Satellite Case Study of Low‐Energy H+ Asymmetric Field‐Aligned Distributions Observed by MMS in the Earth's Magnetosphere M. Kim et al. 10.1029/2022JA031060
- High-latitude crochet: solar-flare-induced magnetic disturbance independent from low-latitude crochet M. Yamauchi et al. 10.5194/angeo-38-1159-2020
- On the relationship between energy input to the ionosphere and the ion outflow flux under different solar zenith angles N. Kitamura et al. 10.1186/s40623-021-01532-y
- High-Latitude Cold Ion Outflow Inferred From the Cluster Wake Observations in the Magnetotail Lobes and the Polar Cap Region K. Li et al. 10.3389/fphy.2021.743316
- Detection of magnetospheric ion drift patterns at Mars C. Zhang et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-42630-7
- The Effect of Field‐Aligned Currents and Centrifugal Forces on Ionospheric Outflow at Saturn C. Martin et al. 10.1029/2019JA027728
- Future Missions Related to the Determination of the Elemental and Isotopic Composition of Earth, Moon and the Terrestrial Planets I. Dandouras et al. 10.1007/s11214-020-00736-0
- Heavy Molecular and Metallic Ions in the Magnetosphere M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1007/s11214-024-01114-w
- The Contribution of N+ Ions to Earth's Polar Wind M. Lin et al. 10.1029/2020GL089321
- Ion Outflow and Escape in the Terrestrial Magnetosphere: Cluster Advances I. Dandouras 10.1029/2021JA029753
- Earth’s magnetic field and its relationship to the origin of life, evolution and planetary habitability J. Tarduno et al. 10.1093/nsr/nwaf082
- A Highway for Atmospheric Ion Escape from Earth during the Impact of an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection H. Zhang et al. 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8a93
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Spacecraft Wake: Interference With Electric Field Observations and a Possibility to Detect Cold Ions M. André et al. 10.1029/2021JA029493
- A Review of Observations of Molecular Ions in the Earth’s Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System M. Lin & R. Ilie 10.3389/fspas.2021.745357
- Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet Y. Li et al. 10.3389/fspas.2021.745264
- A review of instrument techniques to measure magnetospheric cold electrons and ions C. Maldonado et al. 10.3389/fspas.2022.1005845
- Near-collapse of the geomagnetic field may have contributed to atmospheric oxygenation and animal radiation in the Ediacaran Period W. Huang et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01360-4
- Space and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary region L. Baddeley et al. 10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9
- The Polar Wind Modulated by the Spatial Inhomogeneity of the Strength of the Earth's Magnetic Field K. Li et al. 10.1029/2020JA027802
- Impacts of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetic Reconnection and Earth's Magnetosphere Dynamics S. Toledo‐Redondo et al. 10.1029/2020RG000707
- A Multi‐Satellite Case Study of Low‐Energy H+ Asymmetric Field‐Aligned Distributions Observed by MMS in the Earth's Magnetosphere M. Kim et al. 10.1029/2022JA031060
- High-latitude crochet: solar-flare-induced magnetic disturbance independent from low-latitude crochet M. Yamauchi et al. 10.5194/angeo-38-1159-2020
- On the relationship between energy input to the ionosphere and the ion outflow flux under different solar zenith angles N. Kitamura et al. 10.1186/s40623-021-01532-y
- High-Latitude Cold Ion Outflow Inferred From the Cluster Wake Observations in the Magnetotail Lobes and the Polar Cap Region K. Li et al. 10.3389/fphy.2021.743316
- Detection of magnetospheric ion drift patterns at Mars C. Zhang et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-42630-7
- The Effect of Field‐Aligned Currents and Centrifugal Forces on Ionospheric Outflow at Saturn C. Martin et al. 10.1029/2019JA027728
- Future Missions Related to the Determination of the Elemental and Isotopic Composition of Earth, Moon and the Terrestrial Planets I. Dandouras et al. 10.1007/s11214-020-00736-0
- Heavy Molecular and Metallic Ions in the Magnetosphere M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1007/s11214-024-01114-w
- The Contribution of N+ Ions to Earth's Polar Wind M. Lin et al. 10.1029/2020GL089321
- Ion Outflow and Escape in the Terrestrial Magnetosphere: Cluster Advances I. Dandouras 10.1029/2021JA029753
- Earth’s magnetic field and its relationship to the origin of life, evolution and planetary habitability J. Tarduno et al. 10.1093/nsr/nwaf082
- A Highway for Atmospheric Ion Escape from Earth during the Impact of an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection H. Zhang et al. 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8a93
Latest update: 09 Jul 2025
Short summary
Terrestrial ion transport and total escape are synthesized, with stress on the high-latitude polar region and the inner magnetosphere where Custer significantly improved knowledge. After estimating the outflow flux and destinations, complicated ion dynamics in the inner magnetosphere was classified and summarized, through which more than half the O+ is finally lost to space. Together with direct escapes, total O+ escape is high enough to influence the evolution of the biosphere.
Terrestrial ion transport and total escape are synthesized, with stress on the high-latitude...
