We used multipoint magnetic field, electric field, plasma, and energetic particle observations to study the spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics of compressional Pc5 pulsations observed deep within the magnetosphere at the end of a strong magnetic storm. We investigated the mode of the waves and their nodal structure. The energetic particles responded directly to the compressional Pc5 pulsations. We interpret the compressional Pc5 waves in terms of drift-mirror instability.

High-resolution measurements of the magnetic profiles of collisionless shocks in space show that large amplitude oscillations appear on the high-magnetic field side. The positions and relative amplitude of these oscillations are shown theoretically to vary in accordance with the potential jump at the shock crossing. The theoretically predicted variety is confirmed by observations.

Data-based models have been derived to forecast the >0.8MeV and >2MeV electron fluxes at geostationary Earth orbit. The models employ solar wind parameters as inputs to provide an estimate of the average electron flux for the following day, i.e. the 1-day-ahead forecast. The identified models are shown to provide a reliable forecast for both >0.8MeV and >2MeV electron fluxes and are capable of providing real-time warnings of when the electron fluxes will be dangerously high.