Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 43, issue 2
Articles | Volume 43, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-881-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-881-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 43, issue 2
Regular paper
 | 
17 Dec 2025
Regular paper |  | 17 Dec 2025

Globally- and hemispherically-integrated Joule heating rates during the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm, according to physics-based and empirical models

Stelios Tourgaidis, Dimitris Baloukidis, Panagiotis Pirnaris, Theodoros Sarris, Aaron Ridley, and Gang Lu

Viewed

Total article views: 3,774 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total BibTeX EndNote
3,626 108 40 3,774 142 158
  • HTML: 3,626
  • PDF: 108
  • XML: 40
  • Total: 3,774
  • BibTeX: 142
  • EndNote: 158
Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Jul 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 01 Jul 2025)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 3,774 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 3,774 with geography defined and 0 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 16 Feb 2026
Download
Short summary
During geomagnetic storms, Joule heating is a major heating source of the upper atmosphere that is not well estimated, due to a lack of measurements. This leads to uncertainties in orbital calculations. We present simulations with commonly used physics-based models and empirical models that provide measurements of Joule heating. The results show great discrepancies, pointing to the need for measurements in the Earth's Lower Thermosphere-Ionosphere at altitudes where Joule heating maximizes.
Read more
Share