Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-55-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-55-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
Regular paper
 | 
15 Jan 2025
Regular paper |  | 15 Jan 2025

Investigation of the October effect in very low-frequency (VLF) signals

Marc Hansen, Daniela Banyś, Mark Clilverd, David Wenzel, Tero Raita, and Mohammed Mainul Hoque

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Short summary
The amplitude of subionospheric very low-frequency (VLF) radio signals does not show a symmetrical behavior over the year, which would be expected from its dependency on the solar position. The VLF amplitude rather shows a distinctive sharp decrease around October, which is hence called the "October effect". This study is the first to systematically investigate this October effect, which shows a clear latitudinal dependency.
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