Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-17-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-17-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 42, issue 1
Regular paper
 | 
06 Feb 2024
Regular paper |  | 06 Feb 2024

Estimating gradients of physical fields in space

Yufei Zhou and Chao Shen

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Short summary
Multiple spacecraft can operate jointly to detect quantities that are unattainable with a single spacecraft. Present constellations typically consist of four spacecraft, and it is established that a planar distribution of the spacecraft should be avoided. This study addresses the configuration problem for future missions of more spacecraft to measure physical gradients of higher orders. As for quadratic gradients, spacecraft must not be on any quadric surface, such as a sphere or cylinder.
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