Identifying gravity waves launched by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption in mesosphere/lower-thermosphere winds derived from CONDOR and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster

Stober, Gunter; Liu, Alan; Kozlovsky, Alexander; Qiao, Zishun; Krochin, Witali; Shi, Guochun; Kero, Johan; Tsutsumi, Masaki; Gulbrandsen, Njål; Nozawa, Satonori; Lester, Mark; Baumgarten, Kathrin; Belova, Evgenia; Mitchell, Nicholas

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-197-2023

Articles | Volume 41, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-197-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Special issue on the joint 20th International EISCAT Symposium...

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-197-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 41, issue 1

Regular paper

|

18 Apr 2023

Regular paper |

| 18 Apr 2023

Identifying gravity waves launched by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption in mesosphere/lower-thermosphere winds derived from CONDOR and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster

Gunter Stober, Alan Liu, Alexander Kozlovsky, Zishun Qiao, Witali Krochin, Guochun Shi, Johan Kero, Masaki Tsutsumi, Njål Gulbrandsen, Satonori Nozawa, Mark Lester, Kathrin Baumgarten, Evgenia Belova, and Nicholas Mitchell

Download

Final revised paper (published on 18 Apr 2023)
Preprint (discussion started on 06 Dec 2022)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

RC1:
'Comment on egusphere-2022-1370', Anonymous Referee #1, 03 Mar 2023

The paper shows obersvations coming from multistatic meteor radar observations from the Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR) and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster in Fennoscandi. They found gravity wave signature in both of them and potentail lamb wave signature.
The work is well presented and well explained. I don't have any major comments. I recommend to publish as it is.

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1370-RC1
- AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Gunter Stober, 03 Mar 2023
  
  We thank the reviewer for the positive assessment of our paper.
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1370-AC1
RC2:
'Comment on egusphere-2022-1370', Anonymous Referee #2, 03 Mar 2023

This paper presents the gravity wave signature in the neutral wind data over Chile and Fennoscandia regions generated by the Tonga volcano eruption on 15 January 2022. Generally, the observations over South America and North Europe are important for a better understanding of the global MLT responses to this peculiar event. Also, the authors have organized the results appropriately with reasonable interpretations. I recommend the publication of the manuscript as it is.

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1370-RC2
- AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Gunter Stober, 03 Mar 2023
  
  We thank the reviewer for the evaluation of our paper and that it is recommended for publication.
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1370-AC2

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload

ED: Publish as is (07 Mar 2023) by Daniel Whiter

AR by Gunter Stober on behalf of the Authors (09 Mar 2023) Author's response Manuscript

Short summary

The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption was one of the most vigorous volcanic explosions in the last centuries. The eruption launched many atmospheric waves traveling around the Earth. In this study, we identify these volcanic waves at the edge of space in the mesosphere/lower-thermosphere, leveraging wind observations conducted with multi-static meteor radars in northern Europe and with the Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR).