Articles | Volume 36, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-969-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-969-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Regular paper
| 
09 Jul 2018
Regular paper |
| 09 Jul 2018
| 09 Jul 2018
Assessing water vapor tomography in Hong Kong with improved vertical and horizontal constraints
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
Shirong Ye
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Peng Jiang
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University,
Hefei, 230601, China
Lin Pan
Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road,
Wuhan 430079, China
Min Guo
School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan
Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Development of a New Vertical Water Vapor Model for GNSS Water Vapor Tomography M. Wan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225656
- Estimation of precipitable water vapor using least squares support vector regression and comparison with other models M. Cheginin et al. https://doi.org/10.61186/jgst.13.3.13
- LEO Constellation-Augmented Multi-GNSS for 3D Water Vapor Tomography S. Xiong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163056
- An improved GNSS remote sensing technique for 3D distribution of tropospheric water vapor A. Long et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2136
- Monitoring urban heat island intensity based on GNSS tomography technique P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-023-01804-3
- A new hybrid observation GNSS tomography method combining the real and virtual inverted signals W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-021-01576-8
- Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitable water vapor using ANFIS and comparison against voxel-based tomography and radiosonde M. Ghaffari Razin & S. Inyurt https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01184-1
- GNSS water vapor tomography based on Kalman filter with optimized noise covariance F. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-023-01517-2
- An optimal method for GNSS water vapor tomography based on parameter adaptation F. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-025-02006-4
- A New Method for Estimating Tropospheric Zenith Wet-Component Delay of GNSS Signals from Surface Meteorology Data P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213497
- A method for predicting short‐time changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentration based on the global navigation satellite system zenith tropospheric delay M. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1866
- Long-term correlation analysis between monthly precipitable water vapor and precipitation using GPS data over China L. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2022.04.026
- Exploration and analysis of the factors influencing GNSS PWV for nowcasting applications M. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2021.02.018
- Adaptive Voxel-Division Method of GNSS Water Vapor Tomography and Its Application in Data Assimilation Y. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3580555
- Enhanced ground-based GNSS tomography for accurate water vapor retrieval X. Pengfei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106709
- Establishing a high-precision real-time ZTD model of China with GPS and ERA5 historical data and its application in PPP P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-022-01338-9
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Development of a New Vertical Water Vapor Model for GNSS Water Vapor Tomography M. Wan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225656
- Estimation of precipitable water vapor using least squares support vector regression and comparison with other models M. Cheginin et al. https://doi.org/10.61186/jgst.13.3.13
- LEO Constellation-Augmented Multi-GNSS for 3D Water Vapor Tomography S. Xiong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163056
- An improved GNSS remote sensing technique for 3D distribution of tropospheric water vapor A. Long et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2136
- Monitoring urban heat island intensity based on GNSS tomography technique P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-023-01804-3
- A new hybrid observation GNSS tomography method combining the real and virtual inverted signals W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-021-01576-8
- Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitable water vapor using ANFIS and comparison against voxel-based tomography and radiosonde M. Ghaffari Razin & S. Inyurt https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01184-1
- GNSS water vapor tomography based on Kalman filter with optimized noise covariance F. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-023-01517-2
- An optimal method for GNSS water vapor tomography based on parameter adaptation F. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-025-02006-4
- A New Method for Estimating Tropospheric Zenith Wet-Component Delay of GNSS Signals from Surface Meteorology Data P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213497
- A method for predicting short‐time changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentration based on the global navigation satellite system zenith tropospheric delay M. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1866
- Long-term correlation analysis between monthly precipitable water vapor and precipitation using GPS data over China L. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2022.04.026
- Exploration and analysis of the factors influencing GNSS PWV for nowcasting applications M. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2021.02.018
- Adaptive Voxel-Division Method of GNSS Water Vapor Tomography and Its Application in Data Assimilation Y. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3580555
- Enhanced ground-based GNSS tomography for accurate water vapor retrieval X. Pengfei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106709
- Establishing a high-precision real-time ZTD model of China with GPS and ERA5 historical data and its application in PPP P. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-022-01338-9
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 May 2026
Short summary
We proposed a new method to determine the scale height of water vapor, which will improve the quality of vertical constraints. Then, the smoothing factor in the horizontal constraint was determined based on ERA-Interim products. The evaluation results show that the water vapor density quality obtained by the optimized technique is 13.8 % better below 3.8 km and 8.1 % better above 3.8 km than that obtained by the traditional technique.
We proposed a new method to determine the scale height of water vapor, which will improve the...
