Articles | Volume 35, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-721-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-721-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Regular paper
| 
12 Jun 2017
Regular paper |
| 12 Jun 2017
Atmospheric loss from the dayside open polar region and its dependence on geomagnetic activity: implications for atmospheric escape on evolutionary timescales
Division of Space Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna, Sweden
Audrey Schillings
Division of Space Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna, Sweden
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
Hans Nilsson
Division of Space Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna, Sweden
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
Masatoshi Yamauchi
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
Lars-Göran Westerberg
Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
Iannis Dandouras
CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
University of Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France
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Cited
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A Highway for Atmospheric Ion Escape from Earth during the Impact of an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection H. Zhang et al. 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8a93
- Exoplanet Magnetic Fields D. Brain et al. 10.2138/rmg.2024.90.11
- Do Intrinsic Magnetic Fields Protect Planetary Atmospheres from Stellar Winds? R. Ramstad & S. Barabash 10.1007/s11214-021-00791-1
- Earth atmospheric loss through the plasma mantle and its dependence on solar wind parameters A. Schillings et al. 10.1186/s40623-019-1048-0
- Atmospheric Escape Processes and Planetary Atmospheric Evolution G. Gronoff et al. 10.1029/2019JA027639
- Multispecies MHD Study of Ion Escape at Ancient Mars: Effects of an Intrinsic Magnetic Field and Solar XUV Radiation R. Sakata et al. 10.1029/2022JA030427
- Why an intrinsic magnetic field does not protect a planet against atmospheric escape H. Gunell et al. 10.1051/0004-6361/201832934
- Ion Outflow and Escape in the Terrestrial Magnetosphere: Cluster Advances I. Dandouras 10.1029/2021JA029753
- Energy conversion through mass loading of escaping ionospheric ions for different Kp values M. Yamauchi & R. Slapak 10.5194/angeo-36-1-2018
- Suprathermal Fe in the Earth's Plasma Environment: Cluster RAPID Observations S. Haaland et al. 10.1029/2019JA027596
- The fate of O<sup>+</sup> ions observed in the plasma mantle: particle tracing modelling and cluster observations A. Schillings et al. 10.5194/angeo-38-645-2020
- Impacts of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetic Reconnection and Earth's Magnetosphere Dynamics S. Toledo‐Redondo et al. 10.1029/2020RG000707
- Ion Escape From Mars Through Time: An Extrapolation of Atmospheric Loss Based on 10 Years of Mars Express Measurements R. Ramstad et al. 10.1029/2018JE005727
- Evolution of the Earth's Polar Outflow From Mid‐Archean to Present K. Kislyakova et al. 10.1029/2020JA027837
- MESSENGER Observations of Planetary Ion Enhancements at Mercury's Northern Magnetospheric Cusp During Flux Transfer Event Showers W. Sun et al. 10.1029/2022JA030280
- The Oxygen Ion Circulation in The Outer Terrestrial Magnetosphere and Its Dependence on Geomagnetic Activity R. Slapak & H. Nilsson 10.1029/2018GL079816
- On the relationship between energy input to the ionosphere and the ion outflow flux under different solar zenith angles N. Kitamura et al. 10.1186/s40623-021-01532-y
- Future Missions Related to the Determination of the Elemental and Isotopic Composition of Earth, Moon and the Terrestrial Planets I. Dandouras et al. 10.1007/s11214-020-00736-0
- O+Escape During the Extreme Space Weather Event of 4–10 September 2017 A. Schillings et al. 10.1029/2018SW001881
- Solar cycle variation of ion escape from Mars H. Nilsson et al. 10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114610
- High-Latitude Cold Ion Outflow Inferred From the Cluster Wake Observations in the Magnetotail Lobes and the Polar Cap Region K. Li et al. 10.3389/fphy.2021.743316
- Heavy Molecular and Metallic Ions in the Magnetosphere M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1007/s11214-024-01114-w
- Relative outflow enhancements during major geomagnetic storms – Cluster observations A. Schillings et al. 10.5194/angeo-35-1341-2017
- Estimating the fate of oxygen ion outflow from the high-altitude cusp P. Krcelic et al. 10.5194/angeo-38-491-2020
- Synergies Between Venus & Exoplanetary Observations M. Way et al. 10.1007/s11214-023-00953-3
- Ionospheric Response Observed by EISCAT During the 6–8 September 2017 Space Weather Event: Overview M. Yamauchi et al. 10.1029/2018SW001937
- Terrestrial ion escape and relevant circulation in space M. Yamauchi 10.5194/angeo-37-1197-2019
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Short summary
In this study, we have used Cluster satellite data to quantify the ionospheric oxygen ion (O+) escape into the solar wind and its dependence on geomagnetic activity. During times of high activity, the escape may be 2 orders of magnitude higher than under quiet conditions, strongly suggesting that the escape rate was much higher when the Sun was young. The results are important for future studies regarding atmospheric loss over geological timescales.
In this study, we have used Cluster satellite data to quantify the ionospheric oxygen ion (O+)...
