Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 35, issue 1
Articles | Volume 35, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-133-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-133-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Articles | Volume 35, issue 1
ANGEO Communicates
 | 
24 Jan 2017
ANGEO Communicates |  | 24 Jan 2017

Pancake-like and tablet-like distribution functions of energetic electrons in the middle magnetosphere

Peter Bespalov and Olga Savina

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Latest update: 13 Sep 2025
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Short summary
We propose a simple explanation of the prolonged existence of pancake-like electron velocity distributions in the radiation belts. The pancake-like distribution function is characterized by a longitudinal particle velocity (along the magnetic field) of the order of the thermal velocity of the background plasma. The parameters of the tablet-like distribution function are refined. The stability of these distributions is examined.
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