Pancake-like and tablet-like distribution functions of energetic electrons in the middle magnetosphere

Bespalov, Peter; Savina, Olga

doi:10.5194/angeo-35-133-2017

Articles | Volume 35, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-133-2017

© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-133-2017

© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 35, issue 1

ANGEO Communicates

|

24 Jan 2017

ANGEO Communicates |

| 24 Jan 2017

Pancake-like and tablet-like distribution functions of energetic electrons in the middle magnetosphere

Peter Bespalov and Olga Savina

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May 2017	19	8	1	28
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Jun 2025	33	5	0	38
Jul 2025	24	7	2	33
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Oct 2025	22	20	1	43
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Dec 2025	20	11	1	32
Jan 2026	22	6	4	32
Feb 2026	26	6	1	33
Mar 2026	14	13	1	28

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 24 Jan 2017)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jan 2017	19	7	1	27
Feb 2017	49	11	10	70
Mar 2017	57	11	10	78
Apr 2017	23	5	0	28
May 2017	19	8	1	28
Jun 2017	22	7	0	29
Jul 2017	13	3	0	16
Aug 2017	6	6	0	12
Sep 2017	6	7	0	13
Oct 2017	3	4	0	7
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Dec 2017	7	3	0	10
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Feb 2025	12	4	1	17
Mar 2025	8	6	1	15
Apr 2025	9	5	1	15
May 2025	13	4	5	22
Jun 2025	33	5	0	38
Jul 2025	24	7	2	33
Aug 2025	26	7	2	35
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Oct 2025	22	20	1	43
Nov 2025	23	11	5	39
Dec 2025	20	11	1	32
Jan 2026	22	6	4	32
Feb 2026	26	6	1	33
Mar 2026	14	13	1	28

Latest update: 23 Mar 2026

Short summary

We propose a simple explanation of the prolonged existence of pancake-like electron velocity distributions in the radiation belts. The pancake-like distribution function is characterized by a longitudinal particle velocity (along the magnetic field) of the order of the thermal velocity of the background plasma. The parameters of the tablet-like distribution function are refined. The stability of these distributions is examined.