The lunar tide influence on the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) gets intensified around noon, primarily during new and full Moon periods. However, the longitudinal, seasonal and solar cycle variability in the lunar tide’s influence on ionospheric current systems is not well understood yet. In order to investigate this, 17 years (1998–2014) of extensive magnetometer observations at four longitudinal sectors (western American, western and eastern African, and Asian) have been analyzed.

Our study demonstrates a remarkable association between the earthward penetration of ULF waves and radiation belt electron enhancements during four magnetic storms that occurred in 2001. In the past, ULF waves had been observed at unusual depths during rare superstorms. But ULF wave activity, reaching magnetic shells as low as 2, was also observed during relatively intense storms when it played a key role in diffusing electrons radially inward and thereby accelerating them to higher energies.

We present multi-instrument measurements and multi-technique analysis of polar cap patches observed early during the recovery phase of the major magnetic storm of November 20 2003. During this event, the Qaanaaq imager observed variable airglow brightness of the patches between 20:33 and 20:43UT, probably associated with a large-scale gravity wave. Our numerical results indicate that variations in the airglow intensity up to 265R can be produced by a constant 70m/s downward vertical wind.

This paper describes chaos and dynamical complexity to reveal the state of the underlying dynamics of the ionosphere on a daily basis. This is to show the daily/transient variations of chaoticity and dynamical complexity so as to reveal the degree of changes that occur in the ionospheric process and dynamics from one day to another. This paper will point the space science community in the direction of the use of chaoticity and dynamical complexity as indices to describe the process and dynamics.