Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 44, issue 1
Articles | Volume 44, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-44-149-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-44-149-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 44, issue 1
Regular paper
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 | 
26 Feb 2026
Regular paper | Highlight paper |  | 26 Feb 2026

A source or a sink? How the altitude of particle precipitation influence high-latitude electrodynamics

Magnus F. Ivarsen

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The paper addresses, with a philosophical approach, an important question related to the origin of ionospheric irregularities in the cusp and auroral ionosphere, in clear and precise writing.
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Short summary
When energetic particles rain into Earth’s lower ionosphere, they ionize the gas, creating a highly conductive base layer. Using a large database of observations from four orbiting space weather satellites, we demonstrate that this plasma foundation acts as a giant electrical short-circuit: it actively neutralizes the electric fields that would otherwise power plasma turbulence higher up. Without this conductive base to drain the energy, topside turbulence freely grows and persists.
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