Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae
ANGEO
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-201-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-201-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 43, issue 1
Regular paper
 | 
31 Mar 2025
Regular paper |  | 31 Mar 2025

Effects of supernova-induced soft X-rays on middle- and upper-atmospheric nitric oxide and stratospheric ozone

David E. Siskind, McArthur Jones Jr., and Jeffrey W. Reep

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Short summary
This study tests a recent suggestion that multi-month soft X-ray emissions from supernovae can destroy planetary ozone layers. To test this, we assume a year-long solar flare and evaluate the production of nitric oxide in the upper atmosphere and its transport down to the stratosphere. Our results suggest widespread catalytic destruction of ozone; however, these effects are limited to the upper edge of the ozone layer (near 40 km). Thus, the total column is only slightly affected (1–2 %).
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