Articles | Volume 38, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1081-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-1081-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Regular paper
| 
20 Oct 2020
Regular paper |
| 20 Oct 2020
| 20 Oct 2020
Helium in the Earth's foreshock: a global Vlasiator survey
Markus Battarbee
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Xóchitl Blanco-Cano
Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Lucile Turc
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Primož Kajdič
Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Andreas Johlander
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Vertti Tarvus
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Stephen Fuselier
Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Karlheinz Trattner
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Markku Alho
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Thiago Brito
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Urs Ganse
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Yann Pfau-Kempf
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Mojtaba Akhavan-Tafti
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Saclay, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Pres Université, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
Tomas Karlsson
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Savvas Raptis
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Maxime Dubart
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Maxime Grandin
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jonas Suni
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Minna Palmroth
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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Latest update: 06 Nov 2025
Short summary
We investigate the dynamics of helium in the foreshock, a part of near-Earth space found upstream of the Earth's bow shock. We show how the second most common ion in interplanetary space reacts strongly to plasma waves found in the foreshock. Spacecraft observations and supercomputer simulations both give us a new understanding of the foreshock edge and how to interpret future observations.
We investigate the dynamics of helium in the foreshock, a part of near-Earth space found...
