Comparing Monte Carlo simulations, mean particle theory estimates, and observations of H⁺ and O⁺ outflows at high altitudes and latitudes

Abstract. We carried out a comparison study between the results of Monte Carlo simulations, estimates of mean particle theory, and available observations in different regions of earth magnetosphere (aurora, polar wind, central polar cap, and cusp) for H⁺ and O⁺ ions outflow at high latitudes and altitudes. We present altitude profiles for mean perpendicular energy W_⊥, mean parallel energy W_II, and mean total energy W_total. Monte Carlo simulations are obtained by using Barghouthi model [Barghouthi, 2008], mean particle theory estimates are obtained by using Chang et al. [1986], and corresponding observations are obtained from different available publications. As a results of comparisons in different regions we have found that; 1) Monte Carlo simulations and mean particle theory give similar results in auroral regions and produce no agreement in polar wind region, this is due to the strength of wave particle interaction which dominates the effects of external forces in aurora and competes with them in polar wind region, 2) using altitude dependent diffusion coefficients produce high energies, not reasonable, at middle and high altitudes, therefor it is recommended to use velocity and altitude diffusion coefficients, 3) comparison with observations in polar wind region and auroral region gives excellent agreement in aurora and good agreement in polar wind, this is due to the implement of the appropriate velocity and altitude diffusion coefficient, 4) in the central polar cap and cusp we have obtained excellent agreement for both methods and observations, 5) due to the these comparisons we can claim that the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave existed in those regions (polar wind and aurora) is 8 km and the altitude and velocity diffusion coefficients that have been used in Monte Carlo simulation and mean particle theory are appropriate to be used in different studies in these regions.