Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2021-4
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2021-4
15 Jan 2021
 | 15 Jan 2021
Status: this preprint was under review for the journal ANGEO but the revision was not accepted.

A Survey on High-energy Protons Response to Geomagnetic Storm in the Inner Radiation Belt

Zhaohai He, Jiyao Xu, Ilan Roth, Chi Wang, and Lei Dai

Abstract. RBSPA observations suggest that the inner radiation belt high energy proton fluxes drop significantly during the storm main phase and recover in parallel to as the SYM-H index [Xu et al., 2019]. A natural problem arises: are these storm‐time proton flux variations in response to the magnetic field modifications adiabatic? Based on Liouville's theorem and conservation of the first and third adiabatic invariants, the fully adiabatic effects of high energy protons in the inner radiation belt have been quantitatively evaluated. Two case studies show that theoretically calculated, adiabatic flux decreases are in good agreement with RBSPA observations. Statistical survey of 67 geomagnetic storms which occurred in 2013–2016 has been conducted. The results confirm that the fully adiabatic response constitutes the main contribution 90 % to the changes in high energy protons in inner radiation belt during the storm main and recovery phases. It indicates that adiabatic invariants of the inner belt high energy protons are well preserved for majority of storms. Phase space density results also support adiabatic effect controls the varication of high energy protons especially for small and medium geomagnetic storms. Non-adiabatic effects could play important role for the most intense storms with fast changes in magnetic configuration.

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Zhaohai He, Jiyao Xu, Ilan Roth, Chi Wang, and Lei Dai

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on angeo-2021-4', Anonymous Referee #1, 29 Jan 2021
  • RC2: 'Comment on angeo-2021-4', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Feb 2021

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on angeo-2021-4', Anonymous Referee #1, 29 Jan 2021
  • RC2: 'Comment on angeo-2021-4', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Feb 2021
Zhaohai He, Jiyao Xu, Ilan Roth, Chi Wang, and Lei Dai
Zhaohai He, Jiyao Xu, Ilan Roth, Chi Wang, and Lei Dai

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Short summary
We presented sharp descent in proton fluxes is accompanied by the corresponding depression of SYM-H index, with a one-to-one correspondence, regardless of the storm intensity in our previous work [Xu et al., 2019]. This paper is a further study of the possible mechanisms, and to quantitified evaluate the effect of full adiabatic changes. Inner belt is not very stable as previous announced especially for the out zone of the inner belt. It is necessary to survey characteristics of protons.