Long-term analysis of 16 solar eclipses over south-central Chile using historical ionograms (1958–2024). Layer-dependent ionospheric responses were quantified, and fragile analog records were rescued and digitized, providing unique insights into eclipse-induced ionospheric variability.

This paper presents large scale changes to the ionosphere that were observed over a large portion of the continental US from 200 – 450 km altitude during the April 2024 solar eclipse. We observed a decrease in electron density of 50 %, a drop in electron and ion temperatures of 40 % and 20 % respectively. Unique features included lower densities and temperatures north of the eclipse path as compared to the south, and ion temperature decrease along a narrow region parallel to the eclipse path.

We studied how solar eclipses affect the electric field in the atmosphere and the movement of charged particles above Earth near the magnetic equator. Using ground-based instruments in Peru, we found that eclipses can lead to significant changes, depending on weather conditions. These results help us better understand how solar events influence the near-Earth environment and its connection to the upper atmosphere.

In this paper, atmospheric responses to the 23 October 2023 annular solar eclipse is discussed considering almost simultaneous temperature measurements from the TIMED/SABER satellite. Reductions of the temperature in troposphere, mesosphere and mesopause were observed. On the other hand, the temperature increased by about 7 K around 33 km. The temporal and spatial configuration of the measurements is consistent with the observed structures.