Articles | Volume 20, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1693-2002
© Author(s) 2002. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1693-2002
© Author(s) 2002. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
31 Oct 2002
Letter to the Editor
Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2
V. Bidoli
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Casolino
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
De Pascale
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
G. Furano
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Iannucci
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Morselli
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
P. Picozza
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
R. Sparvoli
University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Bakaldin
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Galper
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
S. Koldashov
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Korotkov
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Leonov
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
V. Mikhailov
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
S. Voronov
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Boezio
University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
V. Bonvicini
University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
A. Vacchi
University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
G. Zampa
University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
N. Zampa
University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Ambriola
University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
F. Cafagna
University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Circella
University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
C. De Marzo
University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
O. Adriani
University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
P. Papini
University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
P. Spillantini
University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
S. Straulino
University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
E. Vannuccini
University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
M. Ricci
INFN National Laboratories of Frascati, Frascati, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
G. Castellini
Institute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara", CNR, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
Abstract. In this paper we report on the energy spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g astronomy telescopes.
Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)
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How to cite. Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., De Pascale, Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Sparvoli, R., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Vacchi, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Cafagna, F., Circella, M., De Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Papini, P., Spillantini, P., Straulino, S., Vannuccini, E., Ricci, M., and Castellini, G.: Letter to the Editor
Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2, Ann. Geophys., 20, 1693–1697, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1693-2002, 2002.
Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2, Ann. Geophys., 20, 1693–1697, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1693-2002, 2002.