ANGEOD Annales Geophysicae Discussions ANGEOD Ann. Geophys. Discuss. 2568-6402 Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/angeo-2021-34 Latitude Oscillations of Zonal Mean Total Electron Content and Super-Fountain Effects Provided from Global GNSS Stations Joghataei Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-4880 1 Jooyandeh Niloofar 1 Memarian Mohammad Hossein 1 Department of Physics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 23 06 2021 2021 1 15 Copyright: © 2021 Mohammad Joghataei et al. 2021 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is available from https://angeo.copernicus.org/preprints/angeo-2021-34/ The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://angeo.copernicus.org/preprints/angeo-2021-34/angeo-2021-34.pdf

<p>Seasonal and latitude oscillations of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) were investigated by zonal mean total electron content (TEC) provided from global gridded GNSS data from 1999 to 2017. Maximum monthly zonal mean TEC values showed NH spring equinox&rsquo;s value is higher than fall's. Some fluctuations are observed due to upward planetary wave propagation in equinoxes and winter especially in low solar activity. Two cases of super-fountain effect were also clearly detected on zonal mean TEC.</p>