References

ANGEO

Annales Geophysicae

ANGEO

Ann. Geophys.

1432-0576

Copernicus Publications

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/angeo-32-1373-2014

Sea surface temperature as a proxy for convective gravity wave excitation: a study based on global gravity wave observations in the middle atmosphere

Jia

J. Y.

¹ ² Preusse

² Ern

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-2125

² Chun

H.-Y.

³ Gille

J. C.

⁴ ⁵ Eckermann

S. D.

⁶ Riese

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-6493

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China

Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung – Stratosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

Center for Limb Atmospheric Sounding, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA

National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375, USA

05 11 2014

32 11 1373 1394

2014

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Absolute values of gravity wave momentum flux (GWMF) deduced from satellite measurements by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument and the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) are correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) with the aim of identifying those oceanic regions for which convection is a major source of gravity waves (GWs). Our study identifies those latitude bands where high correlation coefficients indicate convective excitation with confidence. This is based on a global ray-tracing simulation, which is used to delineate the source and wind-filtering effects. Convective GWs are identified at the eastern coasts of the continents and over the warm water regions formed by the warm ocean currents, in particular the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio. Potential contributions of tropical cyclones to the excitation of the GWs are discussed. Convective excitation can be identified well into the mid-mesosphere. In propagating upward, the centers of GWMF formed by convection shift poleward. Some indications of the main forcing regions are even shown for the upper mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT).

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