References

ANGEO

Annales Geophysicae

ANGEO

Ann. Geophys.

1432-0576

Copernicus Publications

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/angeo-27-3957-2009

Speed evolution of fast CME/shocks with SOHO/LASCO, WIND/WAVES, IPS and in-situ WIND data: analysis of kilometric type-II emissions

Gonzalez-Esparza

¹ Aguilar-Rodriguez

Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Morelia Mich., Mexico

21 10 2009

27 10 3957 3966

2009

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

This article is available from https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/27/3957/2009/angeo-27-3957-2009.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/27/3957/2009/angeo-27-3957-2009.pdf

Fast CME/shocks propagating in the interplanetary medium can generate kilometric Type II (km-TII) radio emissions at the local plasma frequency and/or its harmonic, so these radio emissions provide a means of remotely tracking CME/shocks. We apply a new analysis technique, using the frequency drift of km-TII spectrum obtained by the Thermal Noise Receiver (TNR) of the WIND/WAVES experiment, to infer, at some adequate intervals, the propagation speed of six CME/shocks. We combine these results with previously reported speeds from coronagraph white light and interplanetary scintillation observations, and in-situ measurements, to study the temporal speed evolution of the six events. The speed values obtained by the km-TII analysis are in a reasonable agreement with the speed measurements obtained by other techniques at different heliocentric distance ranges. The combination of all the speed measurements show a gradual deceleration of the CME/shocks as they propagate to 1 AU. This new technique can be useful in studying the evolution of fast CME/shocks when adequate intervals of km-TII emissions are available.

References 1

Aguilar-Rodriguez, E., Gopalswamy, N., MacDowall, R., Yashiro, S., and Kaiser, M. L.: A universal characteristic of type II radio bursts, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A12S08, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JA011171">https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JA011171</a>, 2005.

Bougeret, P. J., Kellogg, M. K., Manning, R., Goetz, K., Monson, S., Monge, N., Friel, L., Meetre, C., Perche, C., Sitruk, L., and Hoang, S.: Waves: The Radio and Plasma Wave Investigation on the Wind Spacecraft, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 231–263, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751331">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00751331</a>, 1995.

Brueckner, G. E., Howard, R. A., Koomen, M. J., Korendyke, C. M., Michels, D. J., Moses, J. D., Socker, D. G., Dere, K. P., Lamy, P. L., Llebaria, A., Bout, M. V., Schwenn, R., Simnett, G. M., Bedford, D. K., and Eyles, C. J.: The Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO), Solar Phys., 162, 357–402, 1995.

Cane, H. V., Sheeley, J., and Howard, R. A.: Energetic interplanetary shocks, radio emission, and coronal mass ejections, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 9869–9874, 1987.

Cremades, H., St. Cyr, O. C., and Kaiser, M. L.: A tool to improve space weather forecasts: Kilometric radio emissions from Wind/WAVES, Space Weather, 5, 8001, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007SW000314">https://doi.org/10.1029/2007SW000314</a>, 2007.

Gopalswamy, N., Lara, A., Lepping, R., Kaiser, M. L., Berdichevsky, D., and Cyr, O. C. S.: Interplanetary acceleration of coronal mass ejections, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 145–148, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999GL003639">https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL003639</a>, 2000.

Gopalswamy, N., Yashiro, S., Akiyama, S., Mäkelä, P., Xie, H., Kaiser, M. L., Howard, R. A., and Bougeret, J. L.: Coronal mass ejections, type II radio bursts, and solar energetic particle events in the SOHO era, Ann. Geophys., 26, 3033–3047, 2008.

Gosling, J. T., Asbridge, J. R., Bame, S. J., Hundhausen, A. J., and Strong, I. B.: Satellite Observations of Interplanetary Shock Waves, J. Geophys. Res., 73, 43, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA073i001p00043">https://doi.org/10.1029/JA073i001p00043</a>, 1968.

Manoharan, P.: Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Inner Heliosphere: A Study Using White-Light and Scintillation Images, Solar Phys., 235, 345, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-006-0100-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-006-0100-y</a>, 2006.

Manoharan, P., Tokumaru, M., Pick, M., Subramanian, P., Ipavich, F., Schenk, K., Kaiser, M., Lepping, R., and Vourlidas, A.: Coronal mass ejection of 2000 july 14 flare event: imaging from near-sun to earth enviroment, Astrophys. J. Supplement Series, 559, 1180–1189, 2001.

Manoharan, P., Gopalswamy, N., Yashiro, S., Lara, A., Michalek, G., and Howard, R.: Influence of coronal mass ejection interaction on propagation of interplanetary shocks, J. Geophys. Res., 109, 06109, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JA010300">https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JA010300</a>, 2004.

Pohjolainen, S., van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., Culhane, J., Manoharan, P., and Elliott, H.: CME Propagation Characteristics from Radio Observations, Solar Phys., 244, 167–188, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-007-9006-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-007-9006-6</a>, 2007.

Reiner, M. J., Kaiser, M. L., Fainberg, J., and Stone, R. G.: A new method for studying remote type II radio emissions from coronal mass ejection-driven shocks, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 29651, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98JA02614">https://doi.org/10.1029/98JA02614</a>, 1998.

Reiner, M. J., Kaiser, M. L., and Bougeret, J.-L.: Coronal and Interplanetary Propagation of CME/Shocks from Radio, In Situ and White-Light Observations, The Astrophys. J., 663, 1369, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/518683">https://doi.org/10.1086/518683</a>, 2007.

Richardson, I. G. and Cane, H. V.: Regions of abnormally low proton temperature in the solar wind (1965–1991) and their association with ejecta, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 23397–23412, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95JA02684">https://doi.org/10.1029/95JA02684</a>, 1995.

Tokumaru, M., Kojima, M., Fujiki, K., and Yamashita, M.: Tracking heliospheric disturbances by interplanetary scintillation, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 13, 329–338, 2006.

Yashiro, S., Gopalswamy, N., Michalek, G., Cyr, O. S., Plunkett, S., Rich, N. B., and Howard, R. A.: A catalog of white light coronal mass ejections observed by the SOHO spacecraft, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A18, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JA010282">https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JA010282</a>, 2004.